Addison’s Disease‚ Adrenal gland dysfunction is typically related to a maladaption to stress‚ as first reported by Hans Selye in the general adaptation theory (GAS). [pic] The General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) In order to develop a general theory for the physiological response of humans and animals to stress‚ Hans Selye‚ former director of Experimental Medicine and Surgery at the University of Montreal‚ performed an integrated analysis of the effects of stress on adrenal gland function. He
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Adrenergic medications affect the four receptors‚ a1‚ a2‚ B1 and B2. The sympathetic nervous system triggers the secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine. Epinephrine is a hormone and norepinephrine functions as a hormone and neurotransmitter. First we will take a look at the Alpha 1 receptors. These Alpha 1 receptors cause vasoconstriction of vascular smooth muscles. They are located on the post synaptic membranes of effector organs‚ such as on gastral and urinary sphincters. Some are located
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Chapter 14: Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Messengers and Receptors Signal Transduction Mechanisms: II. Messengers and Receptors In the second major means of intercellular communication the signal is transmitted by regulatory chemical messengers Receptors are located on receiving cells that can be quite distant from the secreting cell Chemical Signals and Cellular Receptors Cells produce signals‚ in some cases by displaying molecules on their surfaces or by releasing a chemical signal Multicellular
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was observed by a decrease in overall heart rate shortly after the drugs were administered. Discussion: The results obtained from the drugs added directly to the heart of the pig were exactly as expected going into this experiment. When epinephrine was applied it increased both the inotropic and chronotropic qualities of the heart similar to how the sympathetic nervous
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cigarette‚ it hits the lungs within ten seconds. The nicotine increases levels of chemicals. Such as dopamine and epinephrine. Dopamine can be defined as chemical signals that dispatch information from one neuron to the next within the small spaces between them (Brookshire‚ 2017). In other words‚ it regulates movement‚ motivation‚ emotion‚ and feelings of pleasure. Whereas epinephrine makes the individual feel energized and alert thus creating a nicotine
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Food allergy is a reaction from the response of the immune system. It is a reaction to fight the harmful ingredient in the food. Food allergies vary between infants‚ children‚ and adults. The sign and symptoms for food allergies can show reactions that are minor to severe. Treatment for food allergies depend on the signs and symptoms. In infants and young children‚ they have reactions to milk or soy milk if they are allergic to it. “Allergies to milk or soy formula (a milk substitute made from
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LABORATORY REPORT Activity 5: Blood Glucose Regulation Name: Instructor: Date: MATERIALS AND METHODS 1. Dependent Variable Plasma levels of glucose‚ ketones‚ insulin‚ and glucagon 2. Independent Variable Food and beverage intake 3. Controlled Variable physical activity‚ caffeine and alcohol intake‚ gender‚ age BMI 4. Why were physical activity and caffeine and alcohol intake the controlled variables? Because you can control on the amount of time you spend doing physical
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Neurological Processes Paper Kimberly Balthaser PSY 340 July 12‚ 2010 Dr. Tyra Ripley Abstract In this paper the author will analyze how neuro processes affect behavior and impact the field of biological psychology. The author will also address the role of excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials‚ synaptic transmission‚ and receptors in producing and regulatory behavior. Biology is changed by psychology. The development of techniques which allow scientist to monitor
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nerve stimulation. Refractory periods and relative refractory periods will be studied in direct stimulations of the heart‚ as well as the five phases of the cardiac cycle. Lastly‚ the effects of temperature‚ hormones‚ and ions will be understood. Epinephrine‚ pilocarpine‚ atropine and digitalis are the hormones used to modify the heart. Sodium‚ potassium and calcium are the ions used in this experiment. Methods In the Vessel Resistance section for the Cardiovascular Dynamics experiment‚ two
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test (SPT) -serum-specific IgE testing to foods -oral food challenges * Referral to an allergist is IMPORTANT to confirm the diagnosis of a suspected food allergy. *Patients SHOULD avoid the food in question until assessment‚ and an epinephrine auto-injector should be prescribed‚ even if the diagnosis is uncertain. HISTORY It is IMPORTANT to inquire about all suspected foods and to discuss the manner of preparation. Time of onset of symptoms in relation to food exposure‚ symptom
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