Abstract: Caffeine‚ (C8 H10 N4 O2) a white‚ crystalline alkaloid known as a nervous system stimulant found commonly in tea leaves and coffee‚ can be extracted using the method of sublimation with the use of Methylene Chloride (CH2Cl2) and Sodium Hydroxide; both can repeatedly rinse the green (unroasted) coffee beans from the caffeine. Keywords: Caffeine‚ Methylene Chloride‚ Sodium Hydroxide‚ Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate I. Introduction Caffeine is an alkaloid of the methylxanthine family. Its chemical
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Posture | Time (Minutes) | Pulse Rate(Beats/30 seconds) | Pulse Rate x2(Beats/minute) | Lying Down | 1 | 24 | 48 | Standing Up | 1 | 30 | 60 | Pulse Rate after 15 seconds of exercise (Beats/15 seconds) | Pulse Rate x6 in order to measure beats/minute(Beats/minute) | 11 | 66 | 3. Record how long this takes in seconds. - 38 seconds 4. Calculate the increase in the pulse rate immediately after the 15 seconds exercise compared with your standing rate. 66-60= 6. 6 pulses increased
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percent of the caffeine molecule dissociates in water‚ proving that the compound is a weak electrolyte. A substance that completely dissociates in a solution‚ such as water‚ is considered an electrolyte and can therefore conduct electricity. This dissociation is caused by the atoms’ minimal nuclear charge‚ allowing the substance to break apart entirely into its ions. Ions are mobile‚ which induces a current and contributes to the substance’s high electrical conductivity. Caffeine is composed of atoms
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Applying the Results and Conclusion of the Research Process Sheliah Gordon HCS/465 September 9‚ 2014 Dr. Obinnayay Onyecherelam Applying the Results and Conclusion of the Research Process In the research process‚ applying the results and conclusion is an important process that answers the underlying question of the study. The results are the findings of the study. Depending on what the study was about and how it was conducted‚ the results could vary and may determine what exactly was
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Gambling and Public Policy RONALD M. PAVALKO Abstract The expansion of legalized gambling poses a number of issues for policymakers. Two related issues‚ which have not been dealt with extensively from a public policy perspective‚ are examined in this commentary: state responsibility for addressing pathological and problem gambling‚ and the legal status and regulation of Internet gambling. A review of the recommendations of the 1998 National Gambling Impact Study Commission on pathological and problem
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TOPIC: ORGANIZATIONAL POLICIES REGARDING ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE INDEX CHAPTER PAGE NO. ABSTRACT 2 1. INTRODUCTION 3-6 2.1. INTRODUCTION 3 2.2. Purpose of the Study 5 2.3. Background of the Organization 5 2.4. Research Objectives 5 2.5. Research Questions 6 2.6. Significance Of The Study 6 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 7-19 3.7. Review of Previous and Current Studies 7
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Alcohol Advertising to Youth Many people are unaware of the prevalence of underage drinking in the United States. Every day in the United States‚ more than 4‚750 kids under age 16 have their first full drink of alcohol. More youth in the United States drink alcohol than smoke tobacco or marijuana‚ making it the drug most used by American young people. Youth who start drinking before the age of 15 are five times more likely to develop alcohol dependency or abuse in their lifetime than those who
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2009. Impact of alcohol advertising and media exposure on adolescent alcohol use: a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Alcohol & Alcoholism‚ 44(3)‚ pp.229–43. Beauchamp‚ T. L. and Bowie‚ N.E.‚ 1983. Ethical Theory and Business. 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs: N.J. Caswell‚ S. and Maxwell‚ A.‚ 2005. Regulation of Alcohol Marketing: A global View. Journal of Public Health Policy‚ 26(3)‚ pp.343-358. Chen‚ M-J.‚ Grube‚ J.W‚ Bersamin‚ M.‚ Waiters‚ E. and Keefe‚ D.B.‚ 2005. Alcohol Advertising: What
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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Fetal alcohol syndrome is a neurological condition caused by exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. This condition has a lifelong severe effect on the fetus‚ affecting a child’s physical‚ emotional‚ and neurological development. The term fetal alcohol spectrum disorders is used to encompass the range of disabilities associated with exposure to alcohol in utero‚ and includes the diagnosis alcohol-related neurodevelopment disorder (ARND). Signs and symptoms that a child
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In food it is common to use Nisin at levels depending on the food type regulatory approval. Nisin cannot be produced chemically therefore it has to be synthesised using fermentation. During fermentation various stages of growth occur and as a result different conditions can occur during this fermentation process‚ eg pH‚ most organisms produce acid as they grow and therefore in the Lag phase ( a period of adptation for the cells to their new environment‚ new enzymes are synthesized) and in
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