Layers of the Atmosphere The envelope of gas surrounding the Earth changes from the ground up. Five distinct layers have been identified using... • thermal characteristics (temperature changes)‚ • chemical composition‚ • movement‚ and • density. Each of the layers are bounded by "pauses" where the greatest changes in thermal characteristics‚ chemical composition‚ movement‚ and density occur. Troposphere The troposphere begins at the Earth’s surface and extends from 4 to 12 miles (6 to 20
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and various trace gases make up the remainder. Scientists divided the atmosphere into four layers according to temperature: troposphere‚ stratosphere‚ mesosphere‚ and thermosphere. The temperature drops as we go up through the troposphere‚ but it rises as we move through the next layer‚ the stratosphere. The farther away from earth‚ the thinner the atmosphere gets. 1.TROPOSPHERE This is the layer of the atmosphere closest to the Earth’s surface‚ extending up to about 10-15 km above the Earth’s
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The ozone layer is a layer in Earth’s atmosphere which absorbs most of the Sun’s UV radiation. It contains relatively high concentrations of ozone (O3)‚ although it is still very small with regard to ordinary oxygen‚ and is less than ten parts per million‚ the average ozone concentration in Earth’s atmosphere being only about 0.6 parts per million. The ozone layer is mainly found in the lower portion of the stratosphere from approximately 20 to 30 kilometres (12 to 19 mi) above Earth‚ though the
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Page 7 Page 8 Page 9 Application Layer Security 1 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to identify common application layer security holes‚ describe common fixes of these problems and discuss the importance of application layer security in development of software. This paper will also discuss common practices for securing applications. The three main aspects of information security include: confidentiality‚ integrity and availability. These aspects of data security are at risk by three main
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How does the atmosphere affect conditions on Earth? What is Earth’s atmosphere composed of? How do pressure and density vary with altitude? What are the characteristics of the major layers of the atmosphere? Important Terms atmosphere air pressure barometer troposphere weather stratosphere ozone layer mesosphere thermosphere ionosphere aurora At 8848 meters (29‚030 feet) above sea level‚ Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. In 1952 Edmund Hillary‚ a New Zealand
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The ozone layer is a deep layer in the stratosphere‚ encircling the Earth‚ that has large amounts of ozone in it. The layer shields the entire Earth from much of the harmful ultraviolet radiation that comes from the sun. Interestingly‚ it is also this ultraviolet radiation that forms the ozone in the first place. Ozone is a special form of oxygen‚ made up of three oxygen atoms rather than the usual two oxygen atoms. It usually forms when some type of radiation or electrical discharge separates
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There are many different layers within the Earth. The core is at center of the Earth. The Earth’s core takes up sixteen percent of Earth’s volume‚ containing thirty-three percent of its Mass ..Pressure rises steadily inside the earth because of the weight of overlying rock. Therefore ‚the Pressure at the outer boundary of the core reaches 1.37 million atmospheres‚ 3.7 million Atmospheres. The core is made mostly of iron and nickel and possibly smaller amounts of lighter elements including sulfur
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Optical Power | | | Source Power | 20.0000 | [mW] | | Source Power | 13.0103 | [dBm] | | Source-to-fiber coupling loss | 5.8000 | [dB] | | Fiber loss @ source mean wavelength λo | 0.2000 | [dB/km] | | Link length | 90.0000 | [km] | | Link fiber loss | 18.0000 | [dB] | | Fiber-spool length | 10.0000 | [km] | | Number of spools (max length 10 km) | 9.0000 | [--] | | Number of fiber splices | 8.0000 | [--] | | Splice loss‚ per splice | 0.0400 | [dB] |
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Reginald Monroe-@02516632 Summary of OSI layers & Security OSI stands for Open Systems Interconnection and it was developed by the Europeans in the 1980’s. OSI is divided into two major fields‚ an abstract model of networking and a set of defined protocols. The seven layers of the OSI basic reference model are listed and defined below (from bottom to top): 1. The Physical Layer – this layer describes the physical components of the various communications media‚ it also includes the electrical
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The LAS Links test is the placement test administered upon the student ’s arrival in the United States. It is used to determine appropriate services for the student. The placement test takes 30 minutes or less and provides data you can use to determine initial placement of English Language Learners into appropriate instructional programs such as reading‚ writing‚ speaking‚ listening and comprehension skills. The results of this cost-effective test are provided quickly‚ so that there is no time wasted
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