issuing and managing credit cards. Credit card fraudulent is approximately 1.2% of the total transaction amount‚ although it is not small amount as compare to total transaction amount which is in trillions of dollars in 2007[ 2-4] . Hidden Markov Model will be helpful to find out the fraudulent transaction by using spending profiles of user. It works on the user spending profiles which can be divided into major three types such as 1) Lower profile; 2) Middle profile; and 3) Higher profile. For every
Premium Credit card Database
IT310 OSI Model In the early years of computer and network research and development many systems were designed by a number of companies. Although each system had its rights and were sold across the world‚ it became apparent as network usage grew‚ that it was difficult‚ to enable all of these systems to communicate with each other. In the early 1980s‚ the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) recognized the need for a network model that would help companies create
Premium OSI model
describes how women were “ornaments” that could be passed along to the men who held power. Models who wanted to make it on a billboard or a TV ad had to subject themselves to powerful men‚ who demanded sex in exchange for opportunity. Written in the 1970s‚ one can assume that conditions have improved and that the physical and sexual abuses faced by models have certainly improved. However‚ a 2015 article called “Model life: to call it indentured servitude is no exaggeration” by Rose Hackman states that’s
Premium Bullying Model Abuse
Analysis models are model used in software development to help in understanding the application area being addressed by a system‚ before the stages of system design and coding are reached. In another word‚ analysis models describe the data handled in an application and the various processes by which it is manipulated. Analysis and Design models fulfill the same needs and provide the same sorts of benefit. Software systems that both analysis and design models are supporting or interacting with
Premium System software Software engineering Application software
Chapter 2 Network Models Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 2: Outline 2.1 Protocol Layering 2.2 TCP/IP Protocol Suite 2.3 OSI Model 1.# 1 Chapter 2: Objective The first section introduces the concept of protocol layering using two scenarios. The section also discusses the two principles upon which the protocol layering is based. The first principle dictates that each layer needs to have two opposite tasks
Free OSI model Internet Protocol Suite Data Link Layer
whole attempt to formalize the definition of business models when he wrote that " "Business Model" is one of those terms of art that were central to the Internet boom: it glorifies all manner of half baked plans. All it really meant was how you planned to make money." In an abstract of his paper "A Mesoscopic Approach to Business Models: Nano Research on Management" published in "Economic Issues in China" Dr. Junyi Weng stated that "Business Model‚ a well known important and extensively used term
Premium Business model Marketing Sales
SPIRAL MODEL The spiral model combines the idea of iterative development (prototyping) with the systematic‚ controlled aspects of the waterfall model. It allows for incremental releases of the product‚ or incremental refinement through each time around the spiral. The spiral model also explicitly includes risk management within software development. Identifying major risks‚ both technical and managerial‚ and determining how to lessen the risk helps keep the software development process under control
Free Software development process Agile software development Waterfall model
Bohr and the Atomic Model Niels Bohr’s model of the hydrogen atom—first published 100 years ago and commemorated in a special issue of Nature—is simple‚ elegant‚ revolutionary‚ and wrong. Well‚ "wrong" isn’t exactly accurate—incomplete or preliminary are better terms. The Bohr model was an essential step toward an accurate theory of atomic structure‚ which required the development of quantum mechanics in the 1920s. Even in its preliminary state‚ the model is good enough for many calculations
Premium Quantum mechanics Atom Bohr model
Mathematical model A mathematical model is a description of a system using mathematical language. The process of developing a mathematical model is termed mathematical modelling (also writtenmodeling). Mathematical models are used not only in the natural sciences (such as physics‚ biology‚ earth science‚ meteorology) and engineering disciplines (e.g. computer science‚artificial intelligence)‚ but also in the social sciences (such as economics‚ psychology‚ sociology and political science); physicists
Premium Mathematics Optimization Chaos theory
definition for a model According to Wilson’s definition a model is the explicit interpretation of one’s understanding of a situation‚ or simply of one’s idea about that situation. It can be expressed in mathematics‚ symbols or words. But it is essentially a description of entities‚ process or attributes and the relationships between them. It may be prescriptive or illustrative‚ but about all‚ it must be useful. Describe the purpose and uses of models There are various use of models; here I am
Premium Mathematics Prediction Forecasting