CHAPTER 7 Bonds Valuation CHAPTER ORIENTATION This chapter introduces the concepts that underlie asset valuation. We are specifically concerned with bonds. We also look at the concept of the bondholder’s expected rate of return on an investment. CHAPTER OUTLINE I. Types of bonds A. Debentures: unsecured long-term debt. B. Subordinated debentures: bonds that have a lower claim on assets in the event of liquidation than do other senior debtholders. C. Mortgage bonds: bonds secured
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Authenticity and the „tourist gaze“ Latin American Perspectives „Those who travel are searching for authentic encounters with exotic others. The natives become the spectacle.“ „The commoditization of people and their cultural traits and customs may alter cultural meanings and destroy their authenticity. Instead of the “real” thing‚ the commoditization of cultures leads to a fake or a “staged authenticity”(MacCannell‚ 1973; see also Cohen‚ 1988: 372; van den Berghe‚ 1994). The authenticity that
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by chemical bonds. These chemical bonds are of two basic types—ionic and covalent. Ionic bonds result when one or more electrons from one atom or group of atoms is transferred to another atom. Positive and negative ions are created through the transfer. In covalent compounds no electrons are transferred; instead electrons are shared by the bonded atoms. The physical properties of a substance‚ such as melting point‚ solubility‚ and conductivity‚ can be used to predict the type of bond that binds
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Count: A revolution is “a forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system.” There have been countless revolutions throughout history but the American Revolution in particular is more commonly known about in the United States. Although more nationally known‚ the American Revolution wasn’t the only group of European colonists to rise up against their distant rulers during their time. In the early 19th century‚ many colonies in South America rose up against
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Value of Money to Security Valuation – Valuation of Bonds and Debt Securities A bond or a debenture is a long term debt instrument carrying a fixed rate of interest which is known to investors. A bond is redeemable after a specified period. Bonds are also called gilt edged securities or gilt when issued by the government since it is free of default risk. Features of a Bond or Debenture • Face Value – Face value is called par value. A bond / debenture is generally issued at a par value and
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VALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF BONDS All Rights Reserved © Oxford University Press‚ 2011 2 CONTENTS Introduction Features of the bond Face Value l Coupon Rate Periodicity of coupon payments Maturity Redemption Value Fixed and Floating Rate Bonds Indexed Bonds Callable & Puttable Bonds C ll bl & P tt bl B d Zero Coupon and Deep Discount Bonds Convertible Bonds CHAPTER 6 Types of Bonds Types of Bonds Cash Flow of the bond VALUATION & MANAGEMENT OF BONDS 3
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TYPES OF BONDS There are a plenty amount of different types of bonds‚ existing nowadays. Actually‚ the bond market offers investors a lot more choices than the stock market. Which bonds to choose depends on the goals‚ tax situation and the risk tolerance of a person who is going to invest in bonds. The broad bond market includes in itself government‚ municipal‚ corporate‚ mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities and international bonds. Within each broad bond market sector it is possible to
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INTRODUCTION TO CHEMICAL BONDS CHEMICAL BOND Definition: A chemical bond is defined as a force that acts between two or more atoms to hold them together as a stable molecule. Main types of bond: 1. Ionic or electrovalent bond‚ 2. Covalent bond‚ 3. Coordinate covalent bond Forth type of bond: Metallic bond: The type of bonding which holds the atoms together in metal crystal. Valence electron: The electrons in the outer most energy level in an atom that takes part in chemical
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Catastrophe Bonds By Kirill Graminschi The trouble with Catastrophe Bonds The article presents the difficulties insurance companies face when they are issuing catastrophe bonds. Do they efficiently hedge against large-scale disasters? It is very difficult hedging against catastrophic losses. Japan’s March earthquake‚ tsunami and nuclear disaster threat could cost the insurance industry between $21 and $34 billion. The catastrophe bonds are not helping much the insurance companies‚ although
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Chemical bond From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation‚ search A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges‚ either between electrons and nuclei‚ or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are "strong bonds" such as covalent or ionic bonds and "weak bonds" such
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