In 1969‚ Travis Hirschi published Causes of Delinquency‚ in which a detailed critique was presented of the strain‚ cultural deviance‚ and social control theories. Hirschi’s social bond theory basically states that delinquency takes place when a person’s bonds to society are weakened or broken‚ which reduces one’s personal stakes in conformity. In society‚ individuals maintain conformity for fear of how others may view them such as friends‚ family‚ peers at work or school‚ employers‚ etc. This overall
Premium Sociology Criminology Juvenile delinquency
Municipal Bonds The greatest advantage of municipal bonds can be summed up in two words: tax free. The interest rates on municipal bonds may seem low compared to similar long-term securities like Treasury bills and CDs‚ but tax advantages may level the playing field. Let ’s look at some examples. If you ’re in the 25 percent bracket for 2008 federal income taxes‚ you ’d have to find a taxable security with an interest rate of 4 percent to equal the yield of a tax-free municipal bond with an interest
Premium Bond Income tax in the United States Tax
All the bonds in a particular issue may mature at the same time (term bonds) or in installments over a period of time (serial bonds). Serial bonds are like installment notes payable. Some of Southwest Airlines long-term debts are serial in nature because they are payable in installments. Secured‚ or mortgage‚ bonds give the bondholder the right to take specified assets of the issuer if the company defaults that is‚ fails to pay interest or principal. Unsecured bonds‚ called debentures‚ are backed
Premium Bond Money Finance
Bonds is something that retains and holds on together with one another. There are three major chemical bonds and they are‚ Ionic‚ Covalent‚ and Hydrogen bonds. An example of a covalent bond would be SCl^2 which is Sulfur dichloride. SCl^2 is a covalent bond because since they are close to each other in valence electrons‚ they have almost full outer shells so they share electrons with one another. A good example is table salt NaCl‚ because they are on opposite sides of the periodic table therefore
Premium Atom Electron Oxygen
Chapter 9 Latin America Shock therapy in economics • Economic shift from a government-dominated economy to a market economy. What are the policies? • Privatize state owned businesses • Eliminated Price Controls • “Liberalize” Trade to introduce competitive pricing into the economy (Remove Tariff Barriers) • Privatization from 500 to 25 business from 1973 to 1980 • Drastic Budget Reductions • Radical restricting of the public sector and reduction in its spending
Premium Inflation Economics Macroeconomics
event of liquidation. Answer True False 1 points Question 2 Junk bonds are also called high-yield bonds. Answer True False 1 points Question 3 The expected yield on junk bonds is lower than the yield on AAA-rated bonds because of the higher default risk associated with junk bonds. Answer True False 1 points Question 4 In general‚ interest on bonds‚ like dividends on preferred stock‚ may be deferred until a later date at the discretion
Premium Bond Stock Bonds
Social bond theory was originally constructed by Travis Hirschi in 1969. According to Hirschi (1969)‚ "we are moral beings to the extent we are social beings." A social bond in essence would have to refer the the connection between what an individual and society are holding together. Social bond theory hypothesizes that deviance would occur when the social bond is weak or lacking in one of the four elements. According to Hirschi (1969) there are four elements of a social bond‚ attachment‚ commitment
Premium Sociology Criminology Science
bail bonds. Bail bonds are basically contractual undertakings between the person posting bail and the bail bond broker. With the bail bond‚ it is the responsibility of the bail bond broker to promise the appearing of the defendant in court when summoned. It is usually kith or kin who contacts the bail agent for the release of the defendant through a bail bond. The bail amount for the defendant is decided by the judge‚ where the bail agent receives a percentage of the amount. Once the bail bond is
Premium Criminal law Debt Crime
molecule with covalent bond o Formula unit with ionic bond * Molecules: formed by covalent bonds * Lattice energy is the energy released in the formation of an ionic compound. DEFINITION: The formation of an IONIC BOND is the result of the transfer of one or more electrons from a metal onto a non-metal. Characteristics of both bonds: * Occur between 2 atoms * Composed of 2 electrons * Have both ionic and covalent characteristics * Together = 100% * Both bonds are measured on
Free Atom Electron Covalent bond
106 B lo o m b e r g M a r k e t s February 2003 FO CUS S yn d i c a t e d L o a n s Comparing a Syndicated Loan With a Bond Use the Asset Swap Calculator to evaluate pricing spreads. B y ‚how do you determine whether an John Bridge the top of the screen. However‚ the OAS isn’t directly comparable to the discount margin because of the way the OAS gets calculated. The OAS uses unique current spot‚ or zero‚ rates to discount cash flows according to their terms along the entire swap
Premium Forward contract Credit Interest