requirements to form a valid contract other than offer and acceptance‚ that are‚ intention to create legal relation and consideration. What is consideration? It can be describe as being something which represent either some benefit to the person making a promise or some detriment to the person to whom the promise is made. The term consideration is given to the subject that is exchanged in a contract.1 It is a fundamental prerequisite in English contract law. 2 The courts has explained the consideration
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Contract Law Notes Contracts ‘A’ Offer Bilateral contracts Unilateral contracts Offers to the public at large What is an offer? Mere puff Supply of information Invitation to treat Categorizing transactions Advertisements a) Advertisements in a catalogue or a curricular b) Advertisements in newspapers or magazines c) Advertisements appearing on the internet d) Display of goods Auctions a) Advertisement of auction b) Auctions with reserves c) Auctions without a reserve Tendering
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includes- shares‚ debentures‚ bonds etc. A key division within the capital markets is between the primary markets and secondary markets. In primary markets‚ new stock or bond issues are sold to investors‚ often via a mechanism known as underwriting. The main entities seeking to raise long-term funds on the primary capital markets are governments (which may be municipal‚ local or national) and business enterprises (companies). Governments tend to issue only bonds‚ whereas companies often issue
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Bond P is a premium bond with a 12 percent coupon. Bond D is a 6 percent coupon bond currently selling at a discount. Both bonds make annual payments‚ have a YTM of 9 percent‚ and have five years to maturity. The current yield for Bonds P and D is percent and percent‚ respectively. (Do not include the percent signs (%). Round your answers to 2 decimal places. (e.g.‚ 32.16)) | If interest rates remain unchanged‚ the expected capital gains yield over the next year for Bonds P and D is percent
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CONTRACTS Stages in the life of a contract: 1. Preparation/Generation 2. Perfection/Birth 3. Consummation/Death Characteristics of Contracts: (ROMA) 1. Relativity (Art. 1311) 2. Obligatoriness & Consensuality (Art. 1315) 3. Mutuality (Art. 1308) 4. Autonomy (Art. 1306) Stipulation pour Autrui - stipulation in favor of a 3rd party. Requisites: 1. The stipulation must be part‚ not whole of the contract; 2. the contracting parties must have clearly and deliberately conferred
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CONTRACT LAW- EXAM NOTES What is a contract? An oral or written agreement between two or more parties which is enforceable by law. This agreement ‘will be legally binding if certain criteria are met – briefly‚ they require that there be an agreement (comprising an offer and acceptance)‚ consideration‚ intention to create legal relations‚ compliance with any formalities required by law and that the parties have the legal capacity to contract’1 What is the purpose of contract law
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Chapters in this Part Chapter 6 Interest Rates and Bond Valuation Chapter 7 Stock Valuation Integrative Case 3: Encore International © 2012 Pearson Education‚ Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter 6 Interest Rates and Bond Valuation Instructor’s Resources Overview This chapter begins with a thorough discussion of interest rates‚ yield curves‚ and their relationship to required returns. Features of the major types of bond issues are presented along with their legal issues
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will be the benefits and disadvantages of outsourcing the assembly function? Answer: - Benefits for Metrovox: - Grunwald and Vogel has to commit to delivering the assembled circuit boards to meet their delivery schedule and they must maintain high standards what Metrovox applies to their market position and competitive advantages Disadvantage for Metrovox: - Metrovox has to ship both products in same shipment so they have to wait till Grunwald and Vogel’s shipment and then mix both products Bugabyte
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issue of efficiently mobilizing capital has become the concern of all companies. There are some ways of doing this: borrowing from the banks‚ issuing stocks or issuing bonds. However‚ when the interest rate of borrowing from banks is very high due to high inflation‚ together with the stock market is quite instable; calling for capital from bond market is much more preferred by investors. In the context of this report‚ some major points regarding the bond market in Vietnam are presented. Firstly
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1. Estimate of the risk-free rate pf interest ("U.S. 10-year Treasury" bond rate = 4.78%. Assumed Market Risk Premium = 7.5%. 2. IBM Stock Information a. IBM’s Beta = 1.64 b. IBM’s current annual dividend = $0.80 c. IBM’s 3-year dividend growth rate (g) = 8.2% d. Industry P/E = 23.2 e. IBM’s EPS = $4.87 3. With the information you have‚ use the CAPM to calculate IBM’s required rate of return or ks. CAPM: ks = RF +{ (kM Krf) x Beta} = ks = 4.78% + {7.5% x 1.64) = 17.08% ks
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