2013 Chapter 11 Key Terms Q1: Contrast and explain the concepts of ecosystem and biome. A: An ecosystem is a natural unit consisting of all plants‚ animals and micro-organisms in an area functioning together with all the non-living physical factors of the environment. Among terrestrial ecosystems‚ the type that provides the most appropriate scale for understanding world distribution pattern is called a biome. Q2: What is an ecotone? A: A region of transition between two biological communities
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managed as a strict nature reserve or wilderness reserve in an HFLD (High Forest and Low Deforestation) country like Guyana can contribute to the achievement of REDD+ objectives. REDD means Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation in developing countries. Its overarching objective is to reduce greenhouse gases. REDD-plus includes the role of conservation‚ sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries. This serves as a mechanism to
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live in forests and are great tree climbers.They can also be found in mountain and swamp areas. In the Temperate forest biome precipitation evenly spread throughout the year. Varied temperatures (hot summers‚ cold winters). The plants tend to be broad-leaved and deciduous. The soil in this biome is enriched with nutrients from annual leaf drop. Temperate forests animals may migrate‚hibernate‚or store food to survive cold conditions. The average temperature in temperate deciduous forests is 50°F (10°C)
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TUNDRA The Tundra is the coldest of all the Biomes and being situated in the extreme north of the planet has desert like conditions. It has extremely low temperatures‚ poor nutrients‚ and short growing seasons. There is a very low precipitation of less than five inches a year which is coupled with strong‚ dry winds. There is a very large annual amount of snowfall in the region which surprisingly is advantageous to plant and animal life as the snow provides and insulation layer on the surface of
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Ecosystems: Change and Challenge The Structure of Ecosystems Ecosystem: a dynamic‚ stable system characterised by the interaction of plants and animals with each other and with the non-living components of the environment The components of an ecosystem are categorised as either biotic and abiotic Biotic means the living environment‚ components include: i). Vegetation (living and decomposing) ii). Mammals‚ insects‚ birds and microorganisms Biomass-the mass of material in the bodies
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there are cold ocean currents. Each region in which the Mediterranean shrublands and woodlands occur is island-like in character and thus there is frequently a high degree of endemism. Comparative studies of the several regional expressions of this biome reveal interesting examples of convergent evolution in plant families and birds (but not among reptiles or small mammals) on the different continents. Climate: The Mediterranean Climate (Cs) is unique in that the wet season coincides with the low
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habitat; others study the different species that depend on each other (ex. a food web). 3. What is a biome? A biome can be described as an area on our earth that shares the same species‚ climate‚ animals‚ and plants. There are actually about 150 different classified biomes today. The main biomes are Marine‚ Tundra‚ Desert‚ Savannah‚ Grassland‚ Tropical Rain Forest‚ Deciduous Forest‚ and Coniferous Forest. 4. What is an ecosystem? An ecosystem includes all the abiotic factors in addition to the community
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planning: (1) The Biogeography Zone: It is a large distinctive unit of similar ecology‚ biome representation‚ community and species‚ e.g.‚ the coasts‚ the islands‚ etc. (2) The Biotic Province: It is secondary unit within a biogeographic zone‚ giving weight to particular community. (3) The Land Region: It is a tertiary set of units within a province. It indicates different land forms. (4) The Biome: It is an ecological unit and is found in biogeographic zones or provinces.Explanation
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Deciduous forests are closer to the equator than the coniferous forests of the tiaga‚ and so they have a longer growing season. This gives the plants more time to produce food‚ and the forest yields about 6000 Kilocalories per square meter per year for animals to eat. These primary producers form the first trophic level. The trees in the deciduous forest shed their leaves in winter. This prevents their branches from being broken by the weight of the snow‚ but also means that they have to grow leaves
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temperature and availability of water according to Candolle. PHYSIOGNOMY - overall appearance of vegetation Considerations: growth form Function Size Coverage Leaf size and shape Leaf texture TYPES OF PHYSIOGNOMY 1. FORESTS- dominated by trees that form a closed canopy 2. GRASSLANDS- dominated by grass and herbaceous plants. Trees can either be far apart or absent 3. THICKETS- tall shrubs or small trees are dominant 4. DESERTS- very few plants rocks‚ and soil are more
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