ETHICAL DECISION MAKING BY INDIVIDUALS IN ORGANIZATIONS: AN ISSUE-CONTINGENT MODEL THOMAS M. JONES University of Washington The Academy of Management Review‚ Vol. 16‚ No. 2. (Apr.‚ 1991)‚ pp. 366-395. Abstract Existing theoretical models of individual ethical decision making in organizations place little or no emphasis on characteristics of the ethical issue itself. This article (a) proposes an issue-contingent model containing a new set of variables called moral intensity: (b) using
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Week 9 and 10 1. Decision making (Selection Structure) 2. Often used comparison operators: (pp. 199-200) 3. If statements: single-alternative‚ dual-alternative‚ and multiple-alternative. (192-198‚ 276-278) a. If / End If statement If [evaluating a condition] Then [Some code are executed if True] End If b. If / Else /End If statement If [evaluating a condition] Then [Some code are executed if True] Else [Other code are executed if False] End If c. If / ElseIf .. /End
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later. Groupthink is defined as a group’s inability to make correct decisions as a result of the implied need for group cohesion. “Janis provides a series of statements that collectively are a definition of groupthink: ‘Groupthink refers to a deterioration of mental efficiency‚ reality testing‚ and moral judgment that results from in-group pressures’” (Hutter 5). Group members force themselves to come to an agreement about decisions even when some members may have differing opinions on the subject
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Economic Decision Making Principles of Economics 212 September 28‚ 2010 Dr. Susan Dadres Economic Decision Making There are many factors that affect individual decision making‚ such as demand‚ social factors‚ prices‚ opportunity costs‚ economic systems‚ and many others. In economics‚ individual decision making is not limited to just buying and selling‚ there are many other issues that are covered such as “a family deciding how many children to
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Describe and explain the characteristics that affect consumer behaviour and outline the consumer decision-making process as it relates to Apple iPod Introduction ‘Consumer purchases are influenced strongly by cultural‚ social‚ personal and psychological characteristics’ (Kotler‚ Armstrong‚ Wong & Saunders). This report will investigate the characteristics that affect consumer behaviour and the consumer decision-process as it relates to the purchase of an Apple iPod. This report will be describing and
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ASSESSMENT 2: Decision-making in a business scenario Introduction Due to one American sporting apparel enterprise‚ which is assumed to be called the Wave Company‚ has entered its bottleneck of reaching the limits of growth‚ this report focus on that‚ as one CEO‚ how I will decide on the markets to expand to and ensure the success of this new business. Firstly‚ it provides an overview of situations this company faces and some detail information. Secondly‚ it uses one critical thinking tool‚ one
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Introduction In article seven‚ ‘How to Make Unethical Decisions‚’ I read about how people choose to solve problems and make decisions. The highlighted problem associated‚ is that many people hastily make decisions without putting too much thought into them. Sometimes the use of ethical judgment can be put on the backburner and determining appropriate actions is heavily affected. It is important to analyze and understand commonly used unethical decision making practices‚ as well as look at appropriate guides
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Decision Making Process Paper Deborah Davenport MGT/230 April 29‚ 2013 Daryl Lee Spiewak Decision Making Process Paper What does it mean to make a decision? To understand this‚ first‚ we must understand what it means to decide. According to Webster’s Third New International Dictionary Unabridged (2013)‚ to decide is to make a choice or come to a solution which will result in the completion of a problem. Every day we face the need and opportunity to make decisions numerous times. Decisions
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The Military Decision-Making Process Decision making is knowing if to decide‚ then when and what to decide. It includes understanding the consequence of decisions. Decisions are the means by which the commander translates his vision of the end state into action. Decision making is both science and art. Many as- pects of military operations—movement rates‚ fuel con- sumption‚ weapons effects—are quantifiable and‚ therefore‚ part of the science of war. Other aspects—the impact of leadership
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Ethical Decision-Making Models Ethical Decision Making Models Integrative Model The Integrative model was developed in 1998 by Tarvydas. This model includes 4 stages and uses elements from the principle ethics and virtue ethics model. Tarvydas designed this model in order to analyze the morals‚ beliefs and experiences of all individuals involved in the ethical dilemma. The model also allows for the review of any ethical principles involving
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