When the baby is born its circulation needs to be changed because now the baby must breathe by own using its lungs. Increased level of pO2 causes spasm of the umbilical arteries and‚ as follows‚ decreased venous return to the right atrium. The vascular resistance in the lungs drops and all cardiac output flows through the pulmonary vessels now. Increased return to the heart through the pulmonary veins causes the raised pressure in the left atrium. As result of the changes described above foramen
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Paper Pathophysiology of Congestive Heart Failure I. Description: Congestive Heart Failure is more of a syndrome than a disease. Heart failure may be classified according to the side of the heart affected‚ (left- or right-sided failure)‚ or by the cardiac cycle involved‚ (systolic or diastolic dysfunction). (Schilling-McCann p. 176). The word "failure" refers to the heart’s inability to pump enough blood to meet the body’s metabolic needs. (Schilling-McCann p. 176). When the heart fails to deliver
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Lab 9 Report: Exercise Physiology Introduction When the human body is put to work and undergoes any sort of activity‚ it requires more energy and resources in order to sustain this. The cells in muscles and organs must work faster‚ and thus require more energy to do so. The body compensates by increasing heart rate and respiration in order to increase the amount of oxygen entering‚ carbon dioxide leaving‚ and rate at which these gases are delivered to cells throughout the body. In this lab‚ we
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Chapter 39 Diuretics Open-Book Quiz‚ Chapter 39 1. Three uses of diuretics include treatment of hypertension‚ mobilization of edematous fluid‚ and used to prevent renal failure. 2. Aldosterone is the principal mineralocorticoid of the adrenal cortex; it stimulates reabsorption of sodium from the distal cortex. 3. Most diuretics share the same basic mechanism of action: they block sodium and chloride reabsorption. The greatest diuresis is produced by those drugs whose site of action
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water loss. When total body fluid volume decreases by 0.5-1.0%‚ the thirst mechanism asserts itself. Approximately 55% of water intake is derived directly from fluids‚ 35% from food‚ and 10% from water produced as a byproduct of metabolism. Water Output Kidneys excrete approximately 1 to 2 liters of urine per day. Approximately 900 milliliters (ml) of this amount is obligatory water excretion that gets rid of solutes and is constant from day to day. The remainder is excreted according to the fluctuating
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References: Cardiac Emergencies: Assessment‚ Angina‚ and MI Course - Nursing Continuing Education (CE) - Nurse CE - CEUFast.com. (n.d.). CEUFast.com - The Fastest‚ Easiest way to fulfill your Nursing Continuing Education Contact Hours online!. Retrieved April 3‚ 2013‚ from http://www.ceufast.com/courses/viewcourse.asp?id=143 Edmunds‚ L. (2012). Improving wellbeing with cardiac rehabilitation. Nursing Times‚ 108(40)‚ 17-19. Heart attack - MayoClinic
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nsPharmacology Multiple Choice Question Bank Primary Exam for FANZCA - July 2001 Update [1] Queensland Anaesthesia Website: • • [ MCQPharmJul2001v3.doc] (v3.02) http://www.qldanaesthesia.com All these questions are also available on the website and may be printed from the separate web pages (File->Print on your browser) or downloaded as a complete file (THIS document). Please re-format the file as required before you print. The MCQs are in 10 point size for easier reading. Change this to
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1. Dr. Baker spends a long time listening to (auscultating) Caleb’s heart. a. Where on the thoracic surface do you auscultate to the tricuspid‚ mitral (bicuspid)‚ pulmonary‚ and aortic valves? Auscultation for the tricuspid valve would be in the left sternal margin of the 5th intercostal space. The mitral valve sounds are heard over the apex of the heart (5th intercostal space) in line with the middle of the clavicle. Pulmonary valve sounds are auscultated at the 2nd intercostal space at the left
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Decreased core temperature. Hypothermia results when heat loss (e.g.‚ conduction‚ convection‚ radiation and evaporation) exceeds heat production (e.g.‚ chemical thermogenesis). Hypothermia/cold stress is due to a disturbance in the net regulation of heat production
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autoregulation system will try to ensure cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) for adequate oxygen perfusion of the brain. CPP is mean arterial pressure (MAP) minus ICP; normal CPP >50mmHg. When there is an overwhelming injury or delay in treatment CCP is decreased and symptoms of herniation symptoms can be observed. Cushing Traid: Hypertension‚ bradycardia (late sign) and irregular respiratory pattern (Kussmaul’s breathing) which could be the first indication of a life threatening cerebral herniation and
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