2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND BRAND PERSONALITY A brand personality can be defined as the set of human characteristics associated with a given brand. Thus it includes such characteristics as gender‚ age‚ and socioeconomic class‚ as well as such classic personality traits as warmth‚ concern and sentimentality. Brand Personality like human personality‚ is both distinctive and enduring. For example‚ one analysis found Coke to be considered real and authentic whereas Pepsi was
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International Brand Architecture Brands play a critical role in establishing afirm ’svisibility andABSTRACT position in international markets. Building a coherent international brand architecture is a key component of thefirm ’soverall international marketing strategy‚ because it provides a structure to leverage strong brands into other markets‚ assimilate acquired brands‚ and integrate strategy across markets. The authors examine the way firms have developed international brand architecture and
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Content Introduction 3 Brand positioning 3 Plan and implement marketing brands 4 Criteria 4 Tactics 4 Strategies 5 Value marketing brands 7 Improve and maintain the value of the brands 7 Conclusion 7 Literature list 8 What is brand management? Introduction Brand management. Or literally: managing a brand. But what does it contain‚ brand management? How does it works and what can
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Brand equity has become a very strong part for every product. Brand equity refers to the marketing effects or outcomes that accrue to a product with its brand name compared with those that would accrue if the same product did not have the brand name and‚ at the root of these marketing effects is consumers ’ knowledge. In other words‚ consumers ’ knowledge about a brand makes manufacturers/advertisers respond differently or adopt appropriately adept measures for the marketing of the brand. Brand
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and one of the world’s most successful young fashion brands is born: Esprit. Worldwide success As the Esprit headquarters developed in Europe (Düsseldorf) and Asia (Hong Kong) in the 70s‚ the founder company Esprit USA gradually became an entirely self-sufficient company. What began in Germany with young sportswear fashion for women marketed under the name of Esprit de Corp soon became one of the most successful young fashion brands on the European market. The American rights were bought
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communications play a very big role in creating a strong brand identity. A brand is more than just that‚ a brand is almost like a person; it holds certain characteristics‚ values and personality traits. Combining all these aspects allows a brand to communicate with their consumers‚ which creates a strong relationship between the two parties. Brands have to communicate a certain message to reach their consumers and get them on-board with the brand‚ they communicate their messages using the following marketing
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SYNOPSIS OF PREFERENCES OF YOUNG PEOPLE TOWARDS LUXURY BRANDS PREFERENCES OF YOUNG PEOPLE TOWARDS LUXURY BRANDS Intoduction:- “Luxury is a necessity that begins where necessity ends.” Whenever you switch on the television‚ or flip through the pages of magazines‚ you are bombarded with celebrity news and reality shows that touch your inner needs to feel beautiful‚ important and recognized. Those gorgeous people in advertisements tell you that their lifestyle
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Customer Equity Company* In recent years packaging has developed well beyond its original function as merely a means of product protection and now plays a key marketing role in developing on shelf appeal‚ providing product information and establishing brand image and awareness. As packaging’s role in the marketing mix gains momentum‚ so research into this arena becomes increasingly important. Given the potential for packaging to successfully achieve marketing goals; does research into packaging truly
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their environment and culture. The largest asset of PRAN is their competent team of hands on managers and dedicated employees. A brand is a “name‚ term‚ design‚ symbol or any other feature that identifies one seller’s good or service as distinct from those of other sellers. Proper branding can result in higher sales of not only one product but on other products associated with that brand. Brand is the personality that identifies a product‚ service or company and how it relates to key customers
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Brand Extensions Brand extension is a marketing strategy according to which a company marketing a product or a service launches a new offering (product or service) that is related to the one of the existing brands of the company‚ but offers different benefits and/or targets a different segment. Organizations use this strategy to increase and leverage upon their brand equity. When a firm is introducing a new product‚ it has the following 3 choices on branding: 1. Developing a new brand for the
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