Definition of Economics: The Economist’s Dictionary of Economics defines economics as "The study of the production‚ distribution and consumption of wealth in human society." The 1828 edition of Webster’s dictionary contains that could still apply today: "Political economy‚ the administration of the revenues of a nation; or the management and regulation of its resources and productive property and labor. Political economy comprehends all the measures by which the property and labor of
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TAX REFORMS IN INDIA * About :- Tax reform is the process of changing the way taxes are collected or managed by the government. Tax reformers have different goals. Some seek to reduce the level of taxation of all people by the government. Some seek to make the tax system more progressive or less progressive. Others seek to simplify the tax system and make the system more understandable‚ or more accountable . Numerous organizations have
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RETROSPECTIVITY OF TAX STATUTE Submitted By: Priya Misra Id. No.: 490 NATIONAL LAW SCHOOL OF INDIA UNIVERSITY BANAGALORE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The first and most academic debt that I have incurred during the preparation of this project is to Prof. Rajendra Babu‚ I am also grateful to the library staff for helping me in searching for the relevant data. Priya Misra CONTENT Introduction
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one of the most important clients at B&C is stressing to the firm that he wants the firm’s expertise to help reduce taxes on his accounts. Peter‚ a tax partner who is a more inclined risk taker has taken on the project‚ but his methods are proving to be illegitimate. He is claiming that top clients do not need third party verification on their tax information when other clients are required to have this verification. Jessica has looked at the past files and found major discrepancies that would only
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taken by the beneficiaries. In the tax of tax fraud the bond referred to here are actually non-existent and are never enforceable in the tax authorities decide to exercise the right to take the bond such as failure to pay an installment on a tax deficiency or tax return. Another criminal offense is the declaration that there are already permits that the taxpayer has procured from the local government and the cost of such permits is deducted in the income tax return as an
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Equal Taxation Tax rates in America have been changed and reformed to try and meet the needs of the current economy‚ or to make a politicians look good. Recent questions have been asked about whether we should reform the entire style of tax rates in America. Future generations are going to feel the burden or benefit from tax choices we make now because it takes time for things of this magnitude to take place. Also it is a possibility that the future generation may need new tax style because of
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International Tax and Public Finance‚ 7‚ 177–194‚ 2000. c 2000 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in The Netherlands. Decomposing Revenue Effects of Tax Evasion and Tax Structure Changes ARINDAM DAS-GUPTA* oldmonk87@yahoo.com Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics‚ B MCC Road‚ Pune 411004‚ Maharashtra‚ India IRA N. GANG gang@economics.rutgers.edu Department of Economics‚ Rutgers University‚ New Brunswick‚ NJ 08901-1248 USA Abstract This paper proposes a method for evaluating the impact
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THE IMPACTS OF GOODS AND SERVICES TAX (GST) ON MIDDLE INCOME EARNERS IN MALAYSIA MOHD RIZAL PALIL1 MOHD ADHA IBRAHIM 2 Abstract The introduction of GST in Malaysia has called many arguments from various parties including academics‚ professionals and the nation (would become the taxpayers) on how GST affect goods pricesincrease or decrease. The consumers are worrying of the significant price increases on basic needs when the GST has fully implemented. With the relatively high living costs particularly
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In February 2011‚ Australian federal government announced a framework to implement a Carbon Tax from July 1‚ 2012 has triggered an intense controversy among the Australian citizens. The term “Carbon tax” refers to an environmental tax that polluters will pay per ton of carbon they release into the atmosphere. This essay will argue that carbon taxes should not be introduced in Australia due to inefficacy‚ financial burdens and better actions to protect environment. First of all‚ implementing
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RATIONALE FOR STATE INTERVENTION AND PUBLIC POLICIES “Tobacco is the only industry that produces products to make huge profits and at the same time damage the health and kill their consumers.” - Margaret Chan‚ n.d. The controversial Sin Tax Bill was approved and became a law when the Philippine President‚ Benigno S. Aquino III signed the Republic Act No. 10351 on December 19‚ 2012 after the long sixteen (16) years hot debate in the Legislative branch of the Philippines. This issue has been
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