Case 26-4: Baldwin Bicycle Company* Note: This case is unchanged from the Eleventh Edition Approach The broad issue in this case is the analysis of the profitability of a company’s sales to specific customers. Most differential cost cases dealing with incremental volume are such that the student can reasonably assume that the “great majority (if not all) of the differential cost items will be variable costs. In this instance‚ a possible medium-to-long term volume increase of 22 percent suggests that
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Question 1 The ethical guidelines which accountants are obliged to follow in the conduct of their work are made to combat criticism and gain credibility by preventing fraudulent accounting. Accountants ought to be able to maintain impartiality and independence to create a clear‚ credible and unbiased audit. Hence‚ the ethical principles are considered important. This is because the work of accountants requires a high level of ethics since the financial statements prepared and verified by auditors
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(a) Briefly explain what prompted some countries over the world to strongly advocate harmonization of accounting. The important reasons which necessitate harmonization of accounting practices are well contained in the observation made by Saudagaran. “While the initial efforts at harmonization were mainly championed by political bodies and professional accounting organizations‚ current pressures to harmonize are driven by investor groups who use financial statements‚ multinational companies which
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Definition of Tax ; The word ‘tax’ has been derived from the French word ‘taxe’ and the Latin word ‘taxare’ which means ‘to charge’. Tax is a contribution exacted by the state. It is a non-penal but compulsory and unrequited transfer of resources from the private to the public sector‚ levied on the basis of predetermined criteria. According to P. E. Taylor‚ “ Taxes are compulsory payment to government without expectation of direct return in benefit to the taxpayer. According to
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Definition of Communication -Communication (from Latin "communis"‚ meaning to share) is the activity of conveying information through the exchange of thoughts‚ messages‚ or information‚ as by speech‚ visuals‚ signals‚ writing‚ or behavior. It is the meaningful exchange of information between two or a group of person. -Communication is the process where the one person is expressing his or her idea and the other one is listening to the idea being expressed by the one who is talking. When a person
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Running head: ORGANIZATIONAL LIFE CYCLE Organizational Life Cycle Organizational Life Cycle Organizations go through different life cycles similar to those of people. For example‚ people go through infancy‚ child-hood and early-teenage phases‚ which are characterized by rapid growth over a short period of time. Similarly‚ Organizations go through start-up‚ growth‚ maturity‚ decline‚ renewal and death. Employees in these phases often do whatever it takes to stay employed. (Ciavarella‚ 2001)
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8.21 (1) MA‚ I/P (2) FFR‚ O (3) FFR‚ I/P (4) MA‚ O (5) MA‚ R (6) FFR‚ I/P (7) FFR/ O (8) FFR‚ R (9) FFR‚ R (10) MA‚ I/P (11) MA‚ R (12) FFR‚ O 8.27 Fraud risk (a) Fraud risk factors ASA 240 - high degree of competition in the market - Domination by Rob Bigbucks (CEO&chairman) - Threatened employees with no pay rises - Significant portion of sales managers salaries are paid in bonuses - The industry is in a recession and it is starting to affect the company – Potentially leading
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DEFINITION OF AUDITING Auditing is described as the independent examination of and expression of an opinion on the financial statements of an enterprise by an appointed auditor in pursuance of that appointment and in compliance with any relevant statutory obligation. Thus auditing of information systems can be defined as independent examination of and expression of an opinion on the development‚ documentation and controls of information systems of an enterprise by an appointed auditor in pursuance
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Leonid Konbski December 16/2014 My Personal Definition of Family Family is one of the most important social groups that we belong to as a species. As mammals we grow up learning from our elders while they do their best at integrating usinto society and social circles. It is through family that we learn most of our values and find the meaning to our lives. Without our families we would not be the same people as we age and mature. Looking deeper into the history of man‚ the
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The Product Life Cycle of Black Barrel Cheese Definition of Product Life Cycle The period of time over which one item is developed‚ brought to market and eventually from the market. First‚ the idea for the product undergoes for research and development. If the idea is determined to be feasible and potentially possible the product will be produced and marketed and rolled out. Assuming the product becomes successful; its production will grow until the product becomes widely available. Eventually‚
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