The weaknesses of the Ontological Argument give support to Atheism. Discuss this claim (12 marks) Anselm’s ontological argument described in part (a)‚ was refuted in his own lifetime‚ by Gaunilo‚ who demonstrated in a reduction ad absurdum of his own‚ that if the logic of the argument were applied to things other than God‚ it led to invalid conclusions. Gaunilo didn’t identify any specific fault with the argument‚ but argued that something must be wrong with it‚ because if there wasn’t anything
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(A) Explain how Descartes developed Anselm’s argument that God’s existence is necessary. Anselm used the Ontological Argument to prove that God’s existence is necessary. The origins of this argument are found in Anselm’s writings‚ he began with a quotation from a Psalm “The fool says in his heart‚ ‘there is no God’…” and then reflected on the truthfulness of this. Anselm defined God as ‘that than which nothing greater can be conceived’ assuming you accept this a priori definition Anselm went on
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in which the design argument provides evidence for the existence of God The design argument is an explanation used by theists to prove the existence of God. It is also called the teleological argument. The word teleological comes from the Greek word teleos which means ‘end’ or ‘purpose’. The argument uses observation of the natural world to provide evidence of design and uses this evidence to back up the existence of God as what has been designed needs a designer. As the argument uses evidence to confirm
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Examine the main strengths of the cosmological argument for the existence of God (21 marks) The main question the cosmological argument ponders thought on is ‘Why is there a universe at all?’ The cosmological argument asks the scientific question behind the universe as the design argument asks an emotional one. One of the main strengths of the cosmological argument was brought forward again recently by William Lane Craig. The argument tries to say that the world couldn’t have just occurred‚ there
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Examine some of the key principles of the argument for the existence of God based upon religious experiences Religious experiences are experiences we have of the divine or God. These experiences may be Mystical experiences‚ conversion experiences or revelatory experiences. Paul Tillich states that religious experience is a feeling of ‘ultimate concern’‚ a feeling that demands a decisive decision from the one receiving it. He describes it as an encounter followed by a special understanding of its
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The Argument from Religious Experience The argument from religious experience is the argument that personal religious experiences can prove God’s existence to those that have them. One can only perceive that which exists‚ and so God must exist because there are those that have experienced him. While religious experiences themselves can only constitute direct evidence of God’s existence for those fortunate enough to have them‚ the fact that there are many people who testify to having had such experiences
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Can training benefits be accurately measured? It is without doubt that customer satisfaction is imperative for the very existence of any organization. Customer satisfaction could be viewed as an element‚ which fuels the sustainability of organisations to operate. However‚ very few consider customer satisfaction as a measuring tool in determining the effectiveness of training programs in organisations. Bregman and Jacobson’s article though introduces and attempts to determine whether organizations
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What are the major components of an arguments? Claims and ideals Proof and logic Claims and proofs Ideals and logicP.. 148‚ Chapter 5 What are the five types of claims? Fact‚ definition‚ answers‚ ideas and logic Policy‚ definition‚ ideas‚ logic‚ and question Policy‚ cause‚ logic‚ ideas‚ and definition Fact‚ definition‚ cause‚ value‚ and policy P. 149‚ Chapter 5 Increasing population threatens the environment. What type of claim is this statement? Value Fact Policy Cause P. 150‚ Chapter
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The Either/Or Outlook Either/or Outlook – a claim that presents an artificially limited range of choices. An either/or fallacy occurs when a speaker makes a claim (usually a premise in an otherwise valid deductive argument) that presents an artificial range of choices. For instance‚ he may suggest that there are only two choices possible‚ when three or more really exist. Those who use an either/or fallacy try to force their audience to accept a conclusion by presenting only two possible options
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inform the teacher of needs at least one week before the presentation. Essay: The essay requires the author to adopt a position on the issue (researched for the presentation) and defend it with a logical and well researched argument. The argument should involve principle and practicality. The essay will be 4-5 pages long excluding title page‚ bibliography etc. A bibliography and referencing must be included or the essay may receive a grade of ZERO. Topics: 1. Is capital
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