Causes of Construction Disputes 1) Poor Contract Documentation that arises from the organizational system. • Inadequate or incomplete design information like information like Sizes‚ type‚ Colour‚ Make‚ Company etc is not mentioned in documents. • Ambiguities in contract documents like how the extra item will be settled‚ extension of time‚ liquidated damages etc. scope of work. The written (or unwritten) contract is what guides the parties’ expectations as to payment and performance. The contract
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Ishaya Executive Summary With over 30 years of experience and ten years of owning and operating a licensed construction company‚ Tom Amaral has built his company from ground up and is a proud contractor in the Alameda County area. His diverse background and ethical professionalism has been the result of his company to market itself though the “word of mouth” since it began; however‚ due to the down-slope of the economy in the recent years‚ his company revenue has come to a halt forcing him to seek
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International Infrastructure Project Cost Estimating Work Breakdown Paul Hewitt‚ International Project Estimating Limited Introduction Construction Cost Estimating Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) The term WBS has become a common term in all fields related to Cost Engineering including Construction Cost Estimating‚ Scheduling and Project Cost Control. A well defined WBS is the backbone of good Construction Estimating Software and can take several forms including the breakdown of items within an estimate
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The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) was a Bronze Age civilization (3300–1300 BCE; mature period 2600–1900 BCE) extending from what today is northeast Afghanistan to Pakistan and northwest India (see map). Along with Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia it was one of three early civilizations of the Old World‚ and of the three the most widespread. It flourished in the basins of the Indus River‚ one of the major rivers of Asia‚ and the Ghaggar-Hakra River‚ which once coursed through northwest India and eastern
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The Yellow River‚ also known as Huang He‚ is located in Northern Central China. It is the second longest river in China. It carries yellow sandy silt‚ called loess‚ which gives the river its name (Dramer‚ 2001‚ p.7). It carries its rich yellow silt from Mongolia to the Pacific Ocean (Spielvogel‚ 2005‚ p.85). The Huang He is sometimes called “The Great Sorrow” because of suffering brought by its floods (Ellis‚ Esler‚ 2001‚ p. 111). Millions of people have drowned‚ towns have been destroyed‚ and crops
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Global warming Global warming is when the earth heats up (the temperature rises). It happens when greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide‚ water vapor‚ nitrous oxide‚ and methane) trap heat and light from the sun in the earth’s atmosphere‚ which increases the temperature. This hurts many people‚ animals‚ and plants. Many cannot take the change‚ so they die. The greenhouse effect is when the temperature rises because the sun’s heat and light is trapped in the earth’s atmosphere. This is like when heat
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Hudson River and PCB Pollution The Hudson River and PCB Pollution The Hudson River is a body of water that stretches for 315 miles from the Adirondack Mountains to the Battery in Manhattan‚ reaching its deepest point of 216 feet in the Highlands near Constitution Island and West Point and reaches its widest point of 3 miles across at Havestraw. This river is one of the most beautiful and scenic of the Tri-State area. Unfortunately‚ it happens to be New York ’s most polluted river. The river has
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PROPOSED PROJECT: PROPOSED TWO STOREY RESIDENCE OWNER: LOCATION: GENERAL SPECIFICATION This set of Specifications shall govern the methods of construction and the kind of materials to be used for the proposed project shown on the accompanying plans and details drawings. The plans‚ details drawings and the Specifications shall be considered as complementing each other so that what is mentioned or shown in one‚ although not mentioned or shown in the other‚ shall
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Indus Valley Civilization The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) was a Bronze Age civilization (3300–1300 BCE; mature period 2600–1900 BCE) in the northwestern region‚ of the Indian subcontinent‚ consisting mainly of what is now Pakistan‚ and parts of India‚ Afghanistan and Iran. Flourishing around the Indus River basin‚ the civilization extended east into the Ghaggar-Hakra River valley and the upper reaches of Ganges-Yamuna Doab; it extended west to the Makran coast of Balochistan‚ north to northeastern
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Chapter 4 – Construction Contracts 1. Name and briefly describe each of the two basic types of competitively bid construction contracts. Which type would be most likely used for building the piers to support a large suspension bridge. Why? Two basic types of competitively bid construction contracts are lump-sum and the unit-price contract. The lump-sum contract is when the contractor agrees to complete all work for a pre-determined price including profit and the contract. The unit-price contract
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