Suggested time allotment: 5 to 6 hours MODULE 2 ACIDS AND BASES In Module 1‚ you identified common properties of solutions using different methods. You learned how to report the amount of the components in a given volume of solution. You also found out that not all solutions are liquid. Some of them are solids and others are gases. Towards the end of the module‚ you investigated the factors that affect how fast a solid dissolves in water. Most of the solutions you studied in Module 1
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Jennifer Everett Phase 4 DB Instructor: Clement Yedjou 3/10/2015 Acid rain Acid rain is a result of air pollution that is harmful to the environment‚ generally caused by fuels being burnt. When any type of fuel is burnt‚ many different chemicals are produced. These gases that are released react with the water in clouds‚ and the rain from these clouds is acid rain. This type of acid disposition can appear in many other forms besides just rain‚ such as sleet‚ snow‚ and fog (Editorial Board‚ 2013)
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GIVEN: TO DESIGN A 1000TPD CAPACITY H2SO4 ACID PLANT BASIS: 1 HOUR OF OPERATION. PURITY: PRODUCT WHICH IS TO BE MANUFACTURED IS ASSUMED TO HAVE STRENGTH OF 98% ACID. 1000TPD implies that we have Acid 1000 x 10 / 24 = 41666.67 Kg/Hr of 3 With 98% purity‚ the acid that is produced per hour = (98 x 41666.67) / 100 = 40833.34 Kg/Hr Kmoles of Sulfuric acid to be produced = 40833.34 / 98 = 416.667 Kmoles/Hr It’s assumed that overall absorption of the acid is 100 % = 416.667 / 1.0 Then‚ SO3 required
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Acid Rain and the Effects of our Monuments and Churches The two controlled experiments that I chose to do‚ do not involve trees or plants‚ which I think a lot of people will be doing. I wanted to explore the devastation that acid rain does to our historic monuments and beautiful churches. My first controlled experiment is based on the Statue of Liberty. It is made of copper so I am using pennies in my experiment. (nps.gov. n.d.) My observation is that acid rain corrodes metals
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on biological thinking as the discovery of base-pairing in nucleic acids. These complementariness principles do not only underlie current ideas on the structure of the nucleic acids‚ but they form the foundation of all speculations‚ more or less well- founded‚ on their physical properties (denaturation‚ hypochromic- ity‚ etc.)‚ on the transfer of biological information from deoxy- ribonucleic acid to ribonucleic acid‚ and on the role of the latter in directing the synthesis of specific
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NUCLEIC ACIDS I.BASIC CONCEPTS II.CLASSES III.CHEMICAL NATURE IV.FUNCTION I.BASIC CONCEPTS NUCLEIC ACIDS polymeric macromolecules‚ or large biological molecules‚ essential for all known forms of life are made from monomers known as nucleotides Each nucleotide has three components: a 5-carbon sugar‚ a phosphate group‚ and a nitrogenous base If the sugar is deoxyribose‚ the polymer is DNA. If the sugar is ribose‚ the polymer is RNA. Together with proteins‚ nucleic acids are the most
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Introduction: Acid rain has proven to be a big problem for Connecticut. It has had a great impact on builders‚ wildlife‚ and the water sources. Acid rain has many components in it such as pollutants from plants to sulfuric acid from burning coal. Problem: Which stone is the most resistant against acid rain? Hypothesis: If we test the different stones against acid rain then red sand stone would be the best because it is heavier and cannot be easily broken. Independent variable: Type of stones
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BUFFERS By: Luis P. Bazan‚ RPh.‚ Ph.D. A buffer solution is a solution of: 1. A weak acid or a weak base and 2. The salt of the weak acid or weak base Both must be present! A buffer solution has the ability to resist changes in pH upon the addition of small amounts of either acid or base. Consider an equal molar mixture of CH3COOH and CH3COONa CH3COOH (aq) H+ (aq) + CH3COO- (aq) Adding more acid creates a shift left IF enough acetate ions are present 16.3 Which of the following
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BENZOIC ACID & BENZOATES (210 –218) • Retards growth of bacteria and yeasts • Occurs naturally in many foods – a similar distribution to salicylate (but at a lower dose than as an additive) • Common food sources: Soft drink‚ cordial‚ fruit juice and cider Liquid essences and syrups Iceblocks‚ jelly‚ low joule jam‚ dips‚ pickles‚ olives Fish marinades and preserves • PABA (para-amino-benzoic-acid)
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A carboxylic acid is an organic acid characterized by the presence of at least one carboxyl group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is R-COOH‚ where R is some monovalent functional group. A carboxyl group (or carboxy) is a functional group consisting of a carbonyl (RR’C=O) and a hydroxyl (R-O-H)‚ which has the formula -C(=O)OH‚ usually written as -COOH or -CO2H. Carboxylic acids are Brønsted-Lowry acids because they are proton (H+) donors. They are the most common type of organic acid. Among
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