Lab Protocol #8 - Dehydration of 3‚3-dimethyl-2-butanol KEYWORDS: alkenes‚ E2‚ E1‚ carbocation stability‚ elimination A. Introduction. The dehydration of alcohols is an ELIMINATION reaction that is commonly used to form alkene molecules. The mechanism for the dehydration of alcohols consists of transforming the –OH functional group into a better leaving group by using a strong acid to protonate the alcohol. After –OH has been transformed into –OH2+‚ it becomes easier to break the σ-bond between the
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Dysphagia and dehydration after a Stroke: A Literature Review Background. Stroke is a major cause of mortality in the United Kingdom; it is the third biggest killer in the UK (National audit office 2005) around 53‚000 people die every year from this long term condition. (Scarborough et al 2009) In people under the age of 75 it is a main cause of premature mortality with 1 in 20 dying because of an acute stroke and the complications that arise. In socially deprived areas a person is 3 times more
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3/26/2012 Part A: Dehydration of 1-butanol & 2-Butanol/Part B: Dehydrobromination of 1-Bromobutane & 2-Bromobutane Abstract The objective of this experiment is to successfully perform a dehydration of 1-butanol and 2-butanol‚ also dehydrobromination of 1-bromobutane and 2-bromobutane to form the alkene products 1-butene‚ trans-2-butene‚ and cis-2-butene. The dehydration reactions react under and acid-catalysis which follows an E1 mechanism. It was found that dehydration of 1-butanol yielded
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We came to this conclusion‚ because of all the symptoms Cecil has listed are correlated with symptoms of dehydration. Symptoms of dehydration include dry skin from lack of fluid in the epidermal tissue. It can also lead to higher or mostly lower blood pressure. Lower blood pressure in dehydration results from decreased blood volume and reduced blood vessel pressure. It can lead to high blood pressure by the body using available sodium to raise blood
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activity can cause you to sweat much more‚ in turn leading to dehydration. Climatic conditions such as a very hot heatstroke also induce the same effects as physical activity in terms of sweat and age can be a result of weakened kidneys such as kidneys that are affected by diabetes insipidus. Weakened kidneys cannot retain fluids and most commonly water for long‚ therefore leading to dehydration no matter how
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Infections Infection Factors Manifestations Ketosis : altered Central nervous system Kussmaul’s respirations functions w/ neurologic symptoms. Fruity breath‚ nausea‚ ABD pain Dehydration or electrolyte loss: Dehydration or electrolytes loss: Polyuria‚ polydipsia‚ weight loss‚ dry skin Polyuria‚ polydipsia‚ weight loss‚ dry skin Sunken eyes‚ soft eyeballs‚ lethargy‚ coma sunken eyes‚ soft eyeballs‚ lethargy‚ coma Laboratory findings
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Yılgör Experiment date:06.12.2010 Report Date: 20.12.2010 ABSTRACT In this experiment‚ the purpose was to investigate E1 elimination mechanism with the reaction of cyclohexanol to cyclohexene. The reaction was acid catalyzed dehydration of alcohol and with catalyst sulfuric acid cyclohexene was obtained from cyclohexanol. And the product was obtained from the simple distillation and later it was reacted with bromine and potassium permanganate. The observations and results were
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football players are rich and a lot of them are seriously injured like having concussion. By the time a player retires from the sport they might go through many concussion in the time spent playing the sport. Some factor like artificial turf and dehydration are having an effect on concussion in football players. Artificial turf is plastic grass that is use in indoor stadium where real grass won’t have enough sunlight to grow. But artificial turf is not as soft upon impact like real grass. Because
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Preventing Muscle Cramps Caused By Dehydration John Doe GEN/200 April 18‚ 2011 John Deere Preventing Muscle Cramps Caused By Dehydration Muscles cramps and spasms can be annoying. If the body is not taking in enough daily fluids it can cause major health issues in a short amount of time. Fluids as well as other contributing factors such as age‚ has a large influence on muscles. People can often suffer from muscle weakness and cramping from dehydration. Exercising can also reduce the
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on Urine Formation Laboratory Report Activity 10: Influence of Fluid Intake on Urine Formation PREDICTIONS 1. Urine output will be highest during: water loading 2. Urine osmolality will be lowest during: dehydration 3. Plasma osmolality: increases with dehydration METHODS AND MATERIALS 1. Dependent variable: urine and plasma values 2. Independent variable: fluid intake 3. Controlled variables: age‚ gender‚ and weight; room temperature 4. Subjects were asked to
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