(not effected by hydration status) BUN- 8-16 measures amount of urea (byproduct of protein metabolism in liver) -factors affecting BUN: hydration/ urine flow‚ hypoperfusion‚ metabolic rate‚ drugs‚ diet -Elevated BUN with normal creatnine= DEHYDRATION/Volume depletion/low perfusion -Elevated BUN & Creatnine= RENAL FAILURE/Dysfunction Specific Gravity- 1.003-1.030 measures ability of kidneys to concentrate urine -increased spec. grav = (more concentrated urine)
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and feeling weak. Tonsillitis A very sore throat‚ high temperature‚ pain in the ears and neck‚ difficulty swallowing. Diarrhoea Needing the toilet a lot‚ stomach pains‚ vomiting and dehydration. Vomiting Being sick‚ stomach pains‚ and dehydration. Slapped cheek First stage is most contagious - High temperature‚ sore throat‚ headache‚ runny nose‚ upset stomach‚ tired and itchy skin. Second stage –
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bodybuilding supplements is creatine. Creatine monohydrate is used to increase muscle fullness and body mass. It also helps in shortening the recovery time after an intense workout. Creatine can cause your muscles to retain water‚ which can lead to dehydration in some people. Also‚ there might be up to a five pound weight gain during the first week. There are no major known
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Osmosis and diffusion are sometimes mixed up without much thought‚ but they are very different in many ways. Osmosis is a defined as the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane (). The membrane is fully permeable for the small water molecules‚ but is selectively permeable to any substance that is lager that a normal water molecule. One example might be a glucose and water mixture‚ when the solute is put into one side of a U-shaped tube that has a semipermeable membrane between the solvent
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it – in such cases‚ it may go undiagnosed and untreated. This raises the risk of aspiration pneumonia‚ a serious lung infection that can develop after the accidental inhalation of saliva or food particles. Undiagnosed dysphagia may also lead to dehydration and malnutrition. A physical examination and a variety of tests can be carried out to determine the cause of the patient’s swallowing problem. These may include a visual examination of the esophagus‚ referred to as a fiber-optic endoscopic swallowing
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method. 6.) During the great dehydration the stomach virus somehow raised the tonicity of the extracellular environment‚ activating the movement of water from the inside the cell to outside to balance solute concentrations across the membrane. The electrolytes in sports drinks are meant to enter into the cell‚ raise the tonicity relative to the outside. This would cause water retention inside the cell keeping it hydrated‚ therefore the opposite of dehydration. 7.) Cellular respiration is
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the infections. The illness may last from 4 to 7 days. Although most people may not need medical treatment to recover‚ but the severity of dehydration and diarrhea for others can be extreme. In this case‚ it is necessary to go to the hospital for treatment. The best way to treat this illness is by management the complications. One of which being dehydration. This can be treated by drinking Pedialyte. Continue to eat your regular diet until the illness passes. You should refrain from any alcohol
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syndrome: hypercalcemia‚ distaste for food‚ headache‚ confusion‚ N/V‚ abdominal pain‚ metabolic alkalosis‚ hypercalcuria‚ polyuria‚ soft tissue calcification‚ hyperphosphatemia and renal insufficiency; predisposing factors include renal dysfunction‚ dehydration ‚ electrolyte imbalance and hypertension. Action: Effectively relieves symptoms of acid indigestion and useful as a calcium supplement Lab/diagnostics: Weekly serum and urine calcium in pts receiving prolonged therapy and in pts with renal
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contaminated water. The bacteria‚ which are found in fecal-contaminated food and water and in raw or undercooked seafood‚ produce a toxin that affects the intestines causing diarrhea‚ vomiting‚ and severe fluid and electrolyte loss. This overwhelming dehydration is the outstanding characteristic of the disease and is the main cause of death. Cholera has a short incubation period (two or three days) and runs a quick course. In untreated cases the death rate is high‚ averaging 50%‚ and as high as 90% in epidemics
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Parvovirus Parvovirus is a viral disease that is most common in canines. The strains will infect dogs‚ wolves‚ and foxes‚ but only some will infect cats. Although strains of parvovirus are not transferrable to humans‚ other strains have been reported in humans. Fifth disease is a mild rash illness that occurs most commonly in children. The ill child typically has a "slapped-cheek" rash on the face and a lacy red rash on the body and limbs. Occasionally‚ the rash may itch. An ill child may have
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