criminal cases A Lay- person in the context of a lay magistrate is a person with no legal qualifications or training in law. Their purpose is to provide experience of society and ensure that the common people’s values are represented when delivering a verdict. Most magistrates are lay magistrates and they are also referred to as justices of the peace. There are roughly 30‚000 lay magistrates sitting on the bench and they usually sit in threes but section 49 of the crime and disorder act 1998 allows single
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in passing). This is a statement made by a judge when making a ruling but was not vital to the verdict in the case. This can only be mentioned as influential argument in forthcoming cases. How do judges avoid Judicial Precedent? 1. A judge will generally be sure by the judicial verdicts of higher courts. That is how the common law method functions‚ the gradual expansion of the law by judicial verdicts which bind inferior and future courts. 2. A judge might not be certain by
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The Ayodhya issue is a political‚ historical and socio-religious debate. The controversial issue of Ram Janambhoomi and Babri Masjid has always been a big influence on Indian politics for several decades. The disputed land at Ayodhya in Faizabad district of Uttar Pradesh has always played major role in disturbing the communal harmony of India. Ayodhya dispute at a glance: The main issues revolve around access to the birthplace of the Hindu God Rama‚ the history and location of the Babri
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The Tom Robinson Case Atticus Finch was recently appointed to be a defense counselor for Tom Robinson. Tom Robinson is a Negro accused of raping a white girl‚ Mayella Ewell. The townspeople here in Maycomb are quite mad that Atticus Finch is attempting to defend Tom Robinson. Atticus is doing this case to seek justice‚ and that is all. The day of Tom Robinson’s trial was hot‚ damp‚ and uncomfortable. The seats were hard and painful to sit on. But it still seemed as if everyone in Maycomb was packed
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improve access to justice. When a verdict is made‚ it is often made unanimously so there should be no doubt on the jurors mine as to whether the accused is guilty or not. There are some circumstances‚ when a majority verdict takes place 11 against 1 or 10 against 1‚ but only if deliberation has surpassed a reasonable time ( usually 8 hours )‚ so this allows for a fairer system. Being such a fundamental part of the adversarial system‚ if a jury is unable to make a verdict‚ it becomes a hung jury in which
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take me to any of the hill stations because I wanted to beat the heat. My father told me that we cannot go to a hill station because all the hotels and resorts are booked beforehand only. It was too hot‚ the sun was scorching and the wind was deliberating. Fortunately my uncle had invited my family to Haridwar where he had reached two weeks earlier. Me and my parents reached Haridwar. My uncle‚ my aunty and my cousins were all very excited to see all of us. They welcomed us with a warm heart.
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Q2. What are some of the most significant contributions to criminology from the Chicago school? Explain and justify your choices by highlighting the current relevance of the contribution to contemporary criminology thought. Journal Article: Cavan‚ R.S‚ 1983. The Chicago School of Sociology‚ 1918-1933. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography‚ Vol. 11‚ No.4‚ pg. 407 - 418. Summary: The journal of Contemporary Ethnography focuses mainly on the years from 1918 to 1933 and the contributions in which
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Only one year after its release‚ Harper Lee’s book To Kill a Mockingbird earned the glamorous Pulitzer Prize. This book encompasses various themes strung throughout‚ including the theme of social discrimination by class--often to the poor or black. Plainly‚ one can notice this subject in the court case regarding the accusation of Tom Robinson‚ the defendant‚ by Mr. Ewell‚ the prosecutor. In addition to falsely accusing an innocent black‚ Mr. Ewell treats African-Americans as trash. Social class also
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Paper 2 Aristotle vs. Mill Happiness is a highly debated topic‚ and both John Stuart Mill and Aristotle have distinct ideas of what happiness is. These two men have their own‚ views and opinions. Aristotle and John Stuart Mill have come up with two theories on what is the good for a society. Although these men come from a different time‚ their theories are used from time to time. The Aristotelian and Utilitarian views are two different viewpoints‚ yet they continue to influence people
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how a cacophony of voices and noise can negatively affect concentration and energy levels. I can relate to this scenario since I am that type of person often wearing headphones in a raucous‚ boisterous-like environment. Practicing the act of deliberating identifying each sound in such an environment might prove helpful. It is an exercise meant to improve the quality of our
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