The conflict between oligarchy and democracy often seems to be a relatively recent phenomenon for many in the modern world‚ however it is often disregarded that this conflict goes back millennia in the western world‚ all the way back to ancient Greece‚ and specifically back to the city-state of Athens. Though very different from the modern‚ western concept of democracy‚ Athens’ democratic system was revolutionary for it’s time and often stirred conflict between democratic and oligarchic forces‚ not
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Arblaster‚ A. (1987) Democracy. Milton Keynes‚ Buckinghamshire‚ UK: Open University Press. Basebang JTL (2011) The Problems with African Democracy http://www.leffortcamerounais.com/2011/11/the-problems-with-african-democracy.html Clapham‚ C. 1993. Democratization in Africa: Obstacles and Prospects. Third World Quarterly 14(3): Dahll R‚ (1971) Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition. New Haven: Yale University Press. Ezeanyika‚ S. E.( 2002). Nigeria’s Democratic Experience and National Development. Ezeanyika
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politicization of the Muslim community came about as a consequence of three developments: 1. Various efforts towards Islamic reform and revival during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. 2. The impact of Hindu-based nationalism. 3. The democratization of the government of British India. The demand for a seperate identity of Indian Muslims was presented in the Simla Deputation to Lord Minto‚ the Governor General of India‚ in October 1906. The All India Muslim League was founded the same year
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National Development Policy - Announced in 1991 by Datuk Seri Dr. Mahathir Mohamad. - To achieve balanced progress in order to form an integrated and just society - To achieve national unity - Focused on just distribution of resources - To encourage development of all economic sectors by fair division‚ strengthen the national integration by reducing the social and economic differences between the people and build a progressive‚ productive and skillful human resources Evolution
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George Washington‚ elected the first president in 1789‚ set up a cabinet form of government‚ with departments of State‚ Treasury‚ and War‚ along with an Attorney General (the Justice Department was created in 1870). Based in New York‚ the new government acted quickly to rebuild the nation’s financial structure. Enacting the program of Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton‚ the government assumed the Revolutionary war debts of the states and the national government‚ and refinanced them with new federal
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The Arab Spring was intended as a harbinger for democratization. While it has succeeded and brought democracy to some countries‚ governance in others have remained the same. Amongst the countries involved in the Arab Spring‚ there are poorer countries like Syria‚ Tunisia and Libya. Thus‚ given the international spotlight that these countries were under‚ it is critical for us to know if democracy is an ideology that should be embraced by poorer countries. I feel that poorer countries should embrace
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Chapter 12: What Underlying Conditions Favour Democracy? Page 145-165 We face two questions: How can we account for the establishment of democratic institutions in so many countries in so many parts of the world‚ and how can we explain its failure? A full answer is impossible; two interrelated sets of factors are undoubtedly of crucial importance. FAILURE OF THE ALTERNATIVES During the 20th century‚ the main alternatives lost out in competition with democracy. The monarchy‚ open oligarchy‚
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Be that as it may‚ globalization today is making another pluralism that undermines this multiracialism and displaying open doors for democratization. The subject of multiculturalism in the postcolonial ’Third World ’The previous two decades
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Cassandra is obviously not the only forecaster‚ and sadly on occasion this particular modern-day soothsayer fails to match the infallibility of his classical forebear. I say this because the England cricket team‚ despite my dire predictions of disappointment‚ has today handsomely defeated India in Mumbai. So‚ it is in a spirit of humility that I offer these predictions for 2013 from alternative (I am loth to say rival) forecasters‚ Professor Thomas Malnight of the IMD business school in Lausanne
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CONSULTING ON THE CUSP OF DISRUPTION 1 by: VIPUL TANDON(WMP6126)|RAHUL BHANSALI(WMP08076)| RAHUL UPADHYAY(WMP08078) “The industry that has long helped others sidestep strategic threats is itself being upended” * The article discusses about the potential disruption in consulting domain. * Disruption is a theory which shows‚ “what causes what to happen‚ when and why”. * The Challenge: The forces that disrupted Steel‚ Publishing‚ etc. industries have started reshaping consulting
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