on the permeability of living beetroot cells. Materials and Equipment: Scalpel Tweezers Safety Goggles Cork Borer 3-4 Beetroots Small Beaker Test tube Rack 7 Test Tubes (The Effect of Heat) Hot Plate 10ml of 0.1M HCl 10ml of 0.01 M HCl 10ml of 0.001 M HCl 10ml of 0.001 M NaCl 10ml 0f 0.01 M NaCl 10ml of 0.1 M NaCl 10ml of tap water 9 Test Tubes (The Effect of pH) Graduated Cylinder 6 Discs of Frozen Beetroots (3 per experiment) 10 ml of Acetone per experiment Procedure:
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Chemistry 104: Analysis of Commercial Antacid Tablets Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is one of the substances found in gastric juices secreted by the lining of the stomach. HCl is needed by the enzyme pepsin to catalyze the digestion of proteins in the food we eat. Heartburn is a symptom that results when the stomach produces too much acid (hyperacidity). Antacids are bases used to neutralize the acid that causes heartburn. Despite the many commercial brand‚ almost all antacids act on excess stomach
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Unit 1: Biochemistry Review Chemical Bonding Three types of bonds Ionic bond: 2 oppositely charged atoms (Na and Cl) Polar covalent: Unequally shared electrons (H and O) Non polar covalent: Equally shared electrons (C and C) or similar electronegativity Electronegativity and chemical bonding Electronegativity is a measure of the strength in which an atom can attract electrons. A difference of < 0. 5 is non polar covalent bond A difference of 0.5 – 1.7 is polar covalent bond A difference of > 1
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How much can we know by simply reading the nutrition facts on the back of any packaged foods? Certain nutrition facts are given and in most cases the most important or common‚ such as the amount of sodium‚ amount of protein‚ the total fat‚ and the amount of calories among others. But what guarantees that these nutrition facts given are correct or accurate? It is known that not everything on the nutrition labels may be true. Little do people know that not everything on the nutrition facts is accurate
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most mainly things. In all chemical reactions‚ there is a activation energy(EA) needed for them. However‚ if the rate of reactions are too low‚ they will not be able to sustain lives. In this case‚ they have enzyme as a protein catalyst. As reaction catalysts‚ enzymes are proteins that adjust the process by initiating the reaction. In this case‚ there are also many elements that influence enzyme working rates. For example‚ most living things hold a constant PH value. It is reasonable for people to
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IB Biology Sheran Gu Meghan Lena Nov. 15th Influence of pH on Enzyme Activities How does the pH of solution influence the speed of enzyme activities? Enzymes are protein catalysts and chemical that speed up chemical reaction without being involved in the reaction. They are involved in the human digestive system to help people digest food more efficient. Food are substrates to be break down and absorb through the digestive system in the body. Substrate is a molecule that bond with the active site
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DISCUSSION: Bromelian added to Gelatin: Bromelian is an enzyme found in pineapples. When Bromelian is added to gelatin it breaks down the protein and does not allow the gelatin to solidify. There are several factors that can cause an enzyme to slow down or to completely stop reacting. For example‚ temperature and pH can effect enzyme activity. Canned pineapple juice and fresh pineapple juice were used to see how the enzyme would react differently. In fresh pineapple juice the Bromelian have would
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Bioquímica Repaso Examen 1 Chapter 1: Introduction to Biochemistry 1.1 Biochemistry is a Modern Science • By synthesizing urea‚ Friedrich Wöhler showed that compounds found in living organisms could be made in the laboratory from inorganic substances. He used the inorganic compound ammonium cyanate. • Two major breakthroughs in the history of biochemistry are especially notable: o Roles of enzymes as catalysts o Roles of nucleic acids as information carrying molecules.
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SUMMARY OF ORGANIC REACTIONS SECTION 1 - ALIPHATIC Aldehydes and ketones |Type of reaction |Mechanism | |1. oxidation (aldehydes only): aldehyde ( carboxylic acid |n/a | | | | |reagents: potassium
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methods such as activity and protein assay were employed to determine the presence and purity of LDH. The cells were initially disrupted and proteins were solubilized. LDH was purified from the ammonium sulfate precipitated protein mixture by affinity chromatography and its activity was studied by spectrophotometric determination of NADH at 340 nm. From Pierce BCA assay of crude homogenate‚ initial protein concentration was shown to be 100 mg/ml. The final protein concentration of the pooled affinity
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