approximately 25 providers and throughout the world‚ Frame Relay has become more attractive with the addition of voice communications to the network. Frame Relay is a fast packet –switching protocol used for transmitting data packets in high-speed bursts across a digital network. It is based on the standards of previous switching protocols ISDN and X.25. (Micom‚ 2000) It provides a method for routing frames of information across a wide area network. The packet
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threat of new entrants will depend on the extent to which there are barriers to entry. These can be: economies of scale for the advantage of incumbents‚ high initial investment and fixed costs‚ controlled access to suppliers and distributors‚ high switching costs for consumers‚ legal requirements and restrictions‚ price retaliation‚ product differentiation and customer loyalty to established brands. The airline industry‚ for instance‚ is one of the least profitable industries as Porter calls it a “zero
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EXHIBIT 1 Porter’s 5 Forces: Computer Industry Threat of New Entrants: Medium With the standardization of most of the computer components‚ it becomes easy for customers to change their laptops. This leads to a moderate customer switching cost. The availability of direct-to-customer service and retailers‚ it becomes easy for customers to find their desired product as well as for companies to provide their products in less time and with reduced cost. If any new player wants to enter into the market
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3G WIRELESS NETWORKS: OPPORTUNITIES‚ CHALLENGES AND COMPARISON BETWEEN 3G & 4G TECHNOLOGY By: Piyush Chandra EIILM UNIVERSITY‚ SIKKIM Email id:piyush.chandra20@gmail
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NT1210 11/13/2013 Chapter 7 1. A user of a home telephone picks up her phone and makes a telephone call to a friend’s home telephone in another part of town. Which of the following is likely to be true about this call? A. It uses a single pair of wires on the local loop at each end of the call 2. Which of the following are services that telcos have offered as WAN services over the years? A. Switched analog circuits B. Dedicated digital circuits 3. This chapter claims that IP routers work
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CHAPTER 1 INTRIDUCTION TO WAN 1.1.1 Introducing Wide Area Networks (WANs) Which statement is true about the differences between a WAN and a LAN? ← WANs generally support higher bandwidth than LANs support. ← A WAN link typically traverses shorter geographic distances than a LAN link traverses. ← A WAN often relies on the services of carriers‚ such as telephone or cable companies‚ but a LAN does not. ← All WAN implementations generally use the same Layer 2 protocol but there
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Step The first person who thought of the idea to transfer information between different systems was Leonard Kleinrock. His first paper titled ’Information Flow in Large Communication Nets’ was published on May 31‚ 1961. He replaced the old circuit switching process with a new concept that involved transmission of data via packets. The Idea of a Network The Soviet Union had launched the first satellite‚ Sputnik I‚ that prompted the US President Dwight Eisenhower to create the ARPA (Advanced Research
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Capital / investment requirements- Customer switching costs- Access to industry distribution channels- The likelihood of retaliation from existing industry players. Threat of Substitutes The presence of substitute products can lower industry attractiveness and profitability because they limit price levels.The threat of substitute products depends on:- Buyers’ willingness to substitute- The relative price and performance of substitutes- The costs of switching to substitutes Bargaining Power of Suppliers
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if physical circuits are running.it is also Billed monthly by the carrier. Packet-switched network has a guaranteed data transmission capability that was available for use only for the computers that are communicating between each other. Packet switching services also enables multiple connections to exist simultaneously. Another advantage of packet-switched services is that different locations can have different connection speeds into the common carrier cloud. How does a reliable packet service
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The extended rivalry that results from all five forces defines an industry’s structure and shapes the nature of competitive interaction within an industry. The global auto industry‚ for instance‚ appears to have nothing in common with the worldwide market for art masterpieces or the heavily regulated health-care delivery industry in Europe. But to understand industry competition and profitability in each of those three cases‚ one must analyze the industry’s underlying structure in terms of the
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