Common law versus civil law systems The two principal legal systems in the world today are those of civil law and common law. Continental Europe‚ Latin America‚ most of Africa and many Central European and Asian nations are part of the civil law system; the United States‚ along with England and other countries once part of the British Empire‚ belong to the common law system. The civil law system has its roots in ancient Roman law‚ updated in the 6th century A.D. by the Emperor Justinian and adapted
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Ethics or Morals are a set of principles that allow people to distinguish right from wrong in the way that they interact with the world. Two main‚ yet very contrasting approaches to ethical decision-making are duty based and consequentialist perspectives. The theory of duty-based or Deontological ethics states that we are morally obligated to act in accordance with a certain set of principles and rules regardless of the results that follow. The Consequentialist or as it is otherwise known “Utilitarian”
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will‚ which is the only intrinsic good. Therefore‚ Shelia’s duty should not be “actions motivated by desires/emotions are self-interested” because if they were motivated by desire they would “not deserve praise” (Garcia‚ Slide 11). Following the deontological theory in Shelia’s perspective you have to start by creating a maxim. The maxim in the situation would be‚ I will commit murder when doing so will allow me to feed my desires in order to promote my personal well-being. To check the maxim‚ we have
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existence according to William Paley’s teleological argument. The teleological argument is often described as an argument which stems from either design or intelligent design‚ but this can be considered as misleading. According to the creators of the book Introducing Philosophy the teleological argument can be defined as an argument that attempts to prove god’s existence due to the intricacy and design of nature (Glossary‚ p.617). A good way to describe the teleological argument is by looking at the universe
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Chapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems LEARNING OBJECTIVES After reading this chapter‚ you will be able to: 1. Analyze the relationships among ethical‚ social‚ and political issues that are raised by information systems. 2. Identify the main moral dimensions of an information society and specific principles for conduct that can be used to guide ethical decisions. 3. Evaluate the impact of contemporary information systems and the Internet on the protection of individual
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enforcement of laws. Within the criminal justice system law enforcement detectives performs investigative duties such as gathering facts and collecting evidence. The initial information provided to detectives is the most critical factor in solving a crime. Therefore‚ it is inherently important that the detectives follow all department rules and demonstrate sound judgment when making decisions. The criminal justice ethics tutorial examines the ethical dilemmas detectives may face where the right choices
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Ensuring that the organization operates ethically and lawfully Ethical standards are very valuable because when procedure is not put in charge there would be all types of people who can demolish the criminal justice system. "If no principles are set‚ the ponds within the organization are upheld to perform justice"‚ and would be able to do anything‚ scamper the ramped. Currently when we deposit in a checks or charge and balance system every person is taken answerable for their own action. If we put
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Reflection Paper #1‚ “The Three Ethical or Systems of Morality” We have discussed three major ethical or systems of morality; Ethical Egoism‚ utilitarianism‚ and Kantianism. The three systems go to different degrees in respect to the two ethical principles of autonomy and beneficence. Although quite different from each other in many ways some of them do share some common principles between them. In this paper I will discuss the similarities and differences of the three systems. We also watched the video
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Discuss the balance of scientific benefit versus ethical costs in psychology. It is argued that any psychological research should be done on the basis of a cost-benefit approach: determining whether the benefits for society the study may generate outweigh the ethical costs that participants in the research may experience. Selye’s GAS theory research is an example of a controversial study. Selye aimed to determine the consequences on the physical body when we are put under stress in our everyday
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EXPLAIN THE MAIN STRENGHTS OF A UTILITARIAN ETHICAL SYSTEM [25] 27/9/13 Utilitarianism‚ the theory that actions are right if they useful for the majority‚ the greatest happiness and pleasure for the greatest and majority of people. Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) was an English moral philosopher concerned with social reform‚ Bentham wanted people to seek pleasure and avoid pain. On the other hand John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) who was a great admirer of Bentham; however‚ he believed
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