themselves to be their moral best. Some are very basic‚ while some are more complex. Philosophers may agree with the entire theory or may pick them apart and only follow pieces as they see fit. Two of these theories are the Natural Law Theory and Utilitarianism‚ which vary in how much they regulate behavior. Natural Law theory is one that breaks actions into two categories‚ moral and immoral behaviors. As humans we have innate‚ basic drives and instincts. These include hunger‚ social‚ sleep‚ and sex
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1) Compare and contrast utilitarianism versus universalism. Utilitarianism comprises of two types of criteria which is rule based and act based. Rule-based utilitarianism argues that general principles are used as criteria for deciding the greatest benefit to be achieved from acting in a certain way. Act based utilitarians on the other hand analyze a particular action or behavior to determine whether the greatest utility or good can be achieved. Utilitarianism also includes the following tenets
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Deontology Deontologists claim that an action or a moral rule is right because of its own nature‚ even if it fails to bring about the greatest good. Deontology is critically based on duty (deontos) – a moral obligation we have towards another person‚ a group or society as a whole. In this sense‚ deontology is concerned with the intrinsic properties of actions‚ not their end result. Immanuel Kant is arguably the most famous advocate of modern deontology. According to Kant‚ moral law is synthetic
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Considering that law and religion are based on ultimate authority according to an ethical standard and runs by an individual in power and societies; therefore philosophers have come up with a theory of moral standard that roots from logic and thoughts that can be simplified for humans basic needs. In that sense‚ these needs produce the most satisfaction at the fundamental level for human being’s universally and help them to live their life’s at the fullest. For a fact‚ every human being has a simple
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would agree with the magistrate’s decision on framing the innocent man. The reason behind this agreement is that since the one man being killed is saving lives and saving chaos it makes it ethical‚ from a utilitarian standpoint. According to utilitarianism one must consider the consequences of a certain action. So in this case the magistrate must weigh the pros and cons of the decision to execute this man. The magistrate must be a utilitarian because he decided to kill the innocent man in an attempt
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Kantian Deontology In our world today it is often hard to genuinely decide what in fact is right or wrong. The reason that it is so tough to determine is because of our human nature given everyone has their own opinion. We do not all think the same or think the same actions and consequences have the same effect. It is this reason we analyze situations with ethical theories‚ such as that of Kant’s deontology. Kant’s theory in its own right has a strong moral foundation in which it seems understandable
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an act is the amount of goodness it produces’. 1 (McNaughton and Piers Rawlings pg32) from David McNaughton and Piers Rawlings essay on Deontology. Versus the Kantian and Rule Consequentialism of utilitarianism which would believe that this is morally wrong‚ despite of the lives that could be saved. Rule Consequentialism and Deontology are very similar in their beliefs. For example‚ this was said in regards to Rule Consequentialism: ’In particular‚ rule consequentialism
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According to deontology‚ actions is considered moral or immoral based on the adherence to duties‚ or rules It is described as “duty” from the word “deon” from Greek (CVP‚ p.10). The thing that determine what "right" is its settlement with a moral standard based on this theory is the rightness part of the action have to be greater than the good of it. Deontology got its foundations from Immanuel Kant. Kant’s theory is considered deontological for numerous reasons. Starting off‚ Kant states that in
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Utilitarianism is concerned about the results of an action‚ while Kantian ethics is focused about the moral duties‚ Virtue ethics on the other hand place an emphasis on the development of a good moral character. Unlike the first two ethical theories‚ virtue ethics is not a theory about what makes an action right. It answers the question‚ “What kind of individual should I be?” and “What kind of characters are necessary to live a virtuous life? Virtue ethics can be tracked back from the ancient Greek
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Deontology and Bhagavad-Gita Chantel L Green Eastern Gateway Deontology and Bhagavad-Gita Most people reading the Bhagavad-Gita (the Gita) come across the concept of duty as prescribed by Lord Krishna and note the similarity of the same to the concept of duty as prescribed by Immanuel Kant. In fact‚ the surprising point is that both the concepts are quite similar when one reads it cursorily and yet they are distinctly different when one conducts a deeper
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