FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN CUBA: THE LIMITS OF COMMERCIAL ENGAGEMENT María C. Werlau Since the collapse of the Soviet Bloc‚ the Cuban government embarked on economic liberalization based on the adoption of capitalist mechanisms which include an opening to foreign investment. This has led to increasing claims abroad that engagement— particularly commercial engagement within the context of constructive engagement1 —is the policy instrument that will lead to economic and political reform and the
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Chapter 6 Capital investment:regardless of whether they involve a tangible or intangiable asset. The incestment creates wealth if the discounted value of the future cash flow exceeds the up front cost. The problem is what to discount- stick to these rules: 1. Only cash flow is relevant. Net present value depends on future cash flows it’s the difference between cash received and cash paid out. Cash should be recorded only when they occur and not when work is undertaken or a liability is incurred
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step towards introduction of derivatives trading in India was the promulgation of the Securities Laws(Amendment) Ordinance‚ 1995‚ which withdrew the prohibition on options in securities. The market for derivatives‚ however‚ did not take off‚ as there was no regulatory framework to govern trading of derivatives. SEBI set up a 24–member committee under the Chairmanship of Dr.L.C.Gupta on November 18‚ 1996 to develop appropriate regulatory framework for derivatives trading in India. The committee
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sector firms‚ restrictions on foreign investment‚ high tariff and non-tariff restrictions on imports‚ which held up the growth of the manufacturing sector in India. This has been replaced by a more liberal industrial and trade policy regime‚ through the inception of new economic policy in 1991. The major focus of these policies had been to dismantle the complex web of controls that severely constrained the emergence and operation of the private entrepreneurs. Investment performance has been a key emphasis
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Investment Behavior‚ Observable Expectations‚ and Internal Funds Jason G. Cummins ∗ Assistant Professor New York University 269 Mercer Street New York‚ NY 10003 jcummins@econ.nyu.edu Kevin A. Hassett Resident Scholar American Enterprise Institute 1150 17th Street NW Washington‚ DC 20036 khassett@aei.org Stephen D. Oliner Asst. Dir. of Research Federal Reserve Board Mail Stop 93 Washington‚ DC 20551 soliner@frb.gov First Draft: September 8‚ 1997 Second Draft: July 6‚ 1998 Third Draft: March 31
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sonigra student of PROF.V.B.SHAH INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT‚ affiliated to VEER NARMAD SOUTH GUJARAT UNIVERSITY‚ SURAT here by declare that this project report is a result of culmination of my sincere efforts. I will not use this project in future and will submit the same to any other university or institute or any other publisher without permission of my guide. I declare that this submitted work is done solely by me and to the best of my knowledge; no such work has been submitted by any
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INVESTMENT APPRAISAL One of the key areas of long-term decision-making that firms must tackle is that of investment - the need to commit funds by purchasing land‚ buildings‚ machinery and so on‚ in anticipation of being able to earn an income greater than the funds committed. In order to handle these decisions‚ firms have to make an assessment of the size of the outflows and inflows of funds‚ the lifespan of the investment‚ the degree of risk attached and the cost of obtaining funds. The main stages
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REPORT) Saving-Investment Equilibrium Y = C + I Y – C = I S = I Saving is an outflow which gradually reduces the additional income that it generates. Therefore the circular flow model tells us that outflows like savings‚ taxes‚ and import expenditures must go back in the system in the form of investment‚ government expenditures‚ and export earnings. The saving-investment equilibrium further implies that increasing‚ decreasing or maintaining the level of investment expenditure will
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Evaluation While evaluating my portfolio I learned the importance of risk‚ and how to analyze any future purchase I will make. It gave me a much better understanding of the securities I have purchased and their returns and risks. My portfolio has a diversified aspect with a variety of industries. I think having a diversified portfolio gives me the opportunity to be safer in my investments. By safer I mean that the variation of value and weight in my portfolio has helped my portfolio to create a
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Table of contents: Page no. 1. Introduction 1 2. Investment appraisal 2 3. Payback method 3 4. Present value (PV)‚ future value (FV) and net present value (NPV) 5 5. Project 1 6 6. Comparing projects 11 7. Conclusion 12 8. References 13 9. Bibliography 14 Introduction: In 21st century business is much more developed and competitive as well with the presence of so many competitors
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