DESCARTES AND LOCKE (Knowledge) One of the most important branches in philosophy‚ is Epistemology‚ which means‚ theory of knowledge. So far‚ philosophers have made many attempts to discover the source of knowledge‚ the standards or criteria by which we can judge the reliability of knowledge. We tend to be satisfied with think what we know about almost everything‚ even though sometimes we are shocked to discover that something that we thought it was sure and certain
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Whereas with Descartes I first provided a brief review of his philosophy (particularly the cogito)‚ then explored secondary sources that posit Ignatian influence‚ I will here both briefly review Lonergan’s philosophy (particularly the “self-affirmation of the knower” ) and suggest traces of Ignatian influence. My rationale for focusing on the self-affirmation of the knower is that it contains the most traces of Ignatian influence‚ and it overlaps with Descartes’s cogito‚ thus allowing readers of
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Descartes proves that God exists in his third meditation. He proves that God exists because he wants to be certain about things outside of himself. But‚ he cannot be certain of these things if he is ignorant about the existence of God. This is because if a supreme God exists‚ he could cause Descartes to be mistaken in the one avenue to certainty that he has. This avenue is known as clear and distinct perception‚ and‚ according to Descartes‚ it is what is necessary to be certain about a thing. However
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Pragmatism‚ Empiricism and David Hume Pragmatism is based on the philosophy that ideas must be tested and re-tested‚ that experiences dictate reality. Pragmatists also believe in no absolute truths or values existing. David Hume argues that‚ "no proof can be derived from any fact‚ of which we are so intimately conscious; nor is there anything of which we can be certain‚ if we doubt this" (Treatise 2645). Hume’s empiricist ideals were roots to early pragmatic thought‚ by way of the theory that
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David hume The irrelevance of consent When we consider how nearly equal all men are in their bodily force‚ and even in their mental powers and faculties‚ till cultivated by education‚ we must necessarily allow‚ that nothing but their own consent could‚ at first‚ associate them together‚ and subject them to any authority. The people‚ if we trace government to its first origin in the woods and deserts‚ are the source of all power and jurisdiction‚ and voluntarily‚ for the sake of peace and order
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They both see dualism in a different way. Descartes think that the body and the mind are two different things .He also thinks that it is very possible for one to exist without the other one. For Seale‚ it is completely the opposite. He said that the mind and body are the same thing. 2) For Thomas‚the way he sees then mind is emotions‚ thoughts and even ideas and the only thing that is in the body is moton and it was different for Berkeley. 3) Yes‚ it does imply to it because we let ourselves get
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Racism in the Philosophy of Hume and Kant During the Age of the Enlightenment in European history there was high emphasis on the ideals of reason and individualism. Scientists and philosophers pushed reason as an ultimate guideline to reforming society and challenging its old traditions and faith. This was the philosophers’ attempts to further advancing our knowledge through scientific method. Things like skepticism and intellectual interchange were highly promoted during this period. The true
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1. Explain how Locke and Hume view personal identity‚ or the “Self”. How do you see Kafka’s “Metamorphosis” as exemplifying these philosophical themes? You may choose Locke or Hume or both‚ or argue why you see neither of their theories as showing up in Kafka’s work. Locke’s theory of personal identity does not rely on substance to explain personal identity. Locke’s theory is person one at time two is the same person as person two at time one if and only if person one and person two are both
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In Meditation Six‚ Descartes argues the difference between substance of mind and matter. He points to distinct ideas for the inseparable essence of mind and sensation with its mistakenly confusing ideas‚ to a divisible body. This diminishes the human experience to that of maneuvered body haunted by some ineffable entity. The split between mind and body as separate entities lies within Descartes characterization of material and immaterial substances. The mind is an immaterial substance which thinks
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Crime Causation and Diversion Paper University of Phoenix Online Juvenile Justice Systems and Processes CJA/473 LeDetra Jones October 01‚ 2012 Crime Causation and Diversion Paper Today the public became more concern about youth crime rising within the community. The public also believes that some of juvenile delinquents do not belong behind bars whereas others do. In the concern of the juveniles who do not belong behind bars the public started creating community outreach programs‚
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