Outline and evaluate biological explanations for aggression (24) The biological explanation for aggression states that aggression is innate behavior in people and the environment around them does not cause it. Neurotransmitters in the brain‚ chemicals that allow impulses to be transmitted from one area to another‚ can be used to explain why some people are aggressive. There is evidence to suggest that the neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine are linked to aggression‚ low levels of serotonin
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Outline and evaluate the biological explanation of depression. Biological explanation of depression can be explained by neurotransmitter dysfunction. Neurotransmitters such as noradrenalin and serotonin have been shown to be linked with depression. Bunney at al (1965) found that there was low levels of noradrenaline function in the brain of depressed individuals. Also‚ post mortem studies found increased noradrenaline receptors in the brains of depressed suicide victims. When there is low noradrenaline
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Describe and evaluate two pieces of Psychological Research In 1963 professor Stanley Milgram carried out a ‘Study of Obedience to Authority’ in which he aimed to answer the question‚ “Could it be that Eichmann and his million accomplices in the Holocaust were just following orders" (Milgram‚ 1974). To do this. Milgram elaborated on two theories‚ one of which was Solomon Asch’s 1956 ‘conformity experiments’. In 1963 Milgram put out an advertisement asking for men‚ aged between 20 and 50‚to volunteer
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Outline and evaluate two social psychological explanations of human aggression (24 Marks) Deindividuation theory is a social psychological explanation of aggression. It explains how rational individuals can become aggressive hooligans in a mob or crowd as it suggests that losing their sense of identity and self awareness deindividuates people. Individuals in groups fail to see the consequences of their actions‚ and the social norms they would normally follow are forgotten and this is when aggressive
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Discuss two biological explanations of depression (8+16 marks) AO1: One biological explanation for depression is family studies. Family studies have proved that having a first-degree relative with depression appears to be a risk factor of depression. These studies select people who already have the depression (the probands) and examine whether other members of their family have been‚ or might be diagnosed with depression. Research has found that around 20% of such relatives have depression compared
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“Describe and evaluate two approaches to the treatment of self-defeating behaviour. The approaches should be selected from those introduced in module 5” Any behaviour you engage in that is self-sabotaging‚ that takes you away from what you want‚ or that distracts you from your goals is behaviour that is self-defeating. These behaviours zap your vitality‚ leaving you exhausted and without access to the powerful energy you need to create your best life. Self-defeating behaviour is the idea that
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Functionalism is a consensus structuralist theory‚ which sees the source of crime and deviance located in the structure of society. Although crime and deviance might be stigmatised in society‚ some sociologist think it is important to have it occur and there are some benefits to it. Durkheim (1982) argued that crime is an inevitable feature of social life‚ because individuals are composed to different influences and circumstances‚ and so not everyone can be equally committed to the shared values
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Describe and evaluate two approaches to the treatment of self-defeating behaviour. “Pain is inevitable… Suffering is optional.” Buddhist Scripture Introduction Self-defeating behaviour (maladaptive behaviour) is the idea that people knowingly respond to stimuli that will cause them to fail or bring them trouble. It is defined as “any deliberate or intentional behaviour that has clear‚ definitely or probably negative effects on the self or on the self’s projects” 1. Psychologists have examined
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Describe and Evaluate 2 theories of relationship formation (24 marks) One of the theories of relationship formation is the filter process model. This model is brought about by Kerckoff and Davis 1962; they said that there are 3 filters that a potential relationship goes through‚ in order to be a strong‚ long term relationship. They said that the ‘field of availables’ are the potential partners the individual could have a relationship with‚ then as they filter out the potential partners it becomes
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Reproduction is fundamental to the survival of any genetic line. If an individual does not reproduce then that is the end of their genes. Therefore any characteristic that maximises an individual’s ability to reproduce successfully is highly adaptive and likely to be naturally selected. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection suggest that the physical environment exerts selective pressure upon adaptive characteristics‚ which are traits that increase the survival potential of
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