Taniya Moon September 19‚ 2014 Child Development 101 Cognitive Theory One of the first people to have a cognitive theory about development was scientist Jean Piaget. When Piaget did an IQ test on children he figured out something to look at differently about development: how the children thought as they came up with their answers was more important than what they actually knew. “In the cognitive theory equilibrium‚ a state of mental balance in which people are not confused because they can use
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The term cognitive development refers to the process of developing intelligence and higher level thinking that allows a person to acquire problem-solving skills from the age of infancy through adulthood. A Swiss philosopher by the name of Jean Piaget took an interest in in developmental psychology; specifically in children during infancy through pre-adolescence. This model developed by Piaget still has a modern-day relevancy. Contributions to Learning and Cognition Piaget made a considerable contribution
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Cognitive Dissonance Theory was proposed by psychologist Leon Festinger to reason as to why humans change their behavior. According to Festinger‚ an individual has their beliefs (their perception of something) and these beliefs need to mirror their actions/behaviors in order for them to be at an equilibrium. If these two things are not aligned then this creates cognitive dissonance. It was proposed that‚ because humans do not like to be out of alignment‚ they will be motivated to either change their
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Piaget ’s Theory of Cognitive Development Jean Piaget was born on August9‚ 1896‚ in the French speaking part of Switzerland. At an early age he developed an interest in biology‚ and by the time he had graduated from high school he had already published a number of papers. After marrying in 1923‚ he had three children‚ whom he studied from infancy. Piaget is best known for organizing cognitive development into a series of stages- the levels of development corresponding too infancy‚ childhood
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Piaget has four stages of cognitive development‚ these are the sensori motor skills (0-2)‚ pre- operational (2-7)‚ concrete operations (7-11) and formal operation (12+). The first stage occurs when a child is zero to two years old and this is known as the sensori motor stage where
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Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development Angela Oswalt‚ MSW‚ edited by C. E. Zupanick‚ Psy.D. Jean Piaget is perhaps one of the most well-known and influential child development specialists. His work was first published during the 1920’s‚ but his theory of cognitive development continues to influence contemporary researchers and clinicians. Piaget’s identified five characteristic indicators of adolescent cognitive development and named them as follows: 1) formal operations‚ 2) hypothetico-deductive
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The Cognitive Association Theory discusses drug addiction through others‚ individuals value‚ attitudes‚ and motives for criminal behavior. The addiction of the drug is used by withdrawal of distress‚ but without the absence of withdrawal‚ then one does not become addicted. The addiction is quick and permanent‚ especially if one uses other drugs. Some have solid concrete evidence support for this theory. Thio‚ Taylor‚ and Schwartz‚ state‚ “among patients who have been given morphine to kill their
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Cognitive development is the development of thought processes‚ including remembering‚ problem solving‚ and decision-making‚ from childhood through adolescence to adulthood. Historically‚ the cognitive development of children has been studied in a variety of ways. The oldest is through intelligence tests. An example of this is the Stanford Binet Intelligence Quotient test. IQ scoring is based on the concept of "mental age‚" according to which the scores of a child of average intelligence match
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There are six major components of health‚ and each one can be improve in various ways. The first component is physical health‚ which describes the way body functions. Physical health can be improved by eating right‚ getting regular exercise‚ and remaining at recommended body weight. The second component is emotional health‚ which requires that one expresses his/her emotions in a positive‚ nondestructive way. In order to improve this‚ one can find ways to cope with unpleasant emotions by talking
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In 1941 Miller and Dollard proposed the theory of social learning. In 1963 Bandura and Walters broadened the social learning theory with the principles of observational learning and vicarious reinforcement. Bandura provided his concept of self-efficacy in 1977‚ while he refuted the traditional learning theory for understanding learning. The Social Cognitive Theory is a theory that deals with cognitive‚ emotional aspects and aspects of behavior for understanding behavioral change. It is a belief
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