of cells and their ultra structure The cell is the basic unit of life. Each cell can be regarded as a metabolic compartment‚ a separate place where the chemical processes of that cell occur. Cells are often designed to perform a particular function. Depending on that function‚ each cell type has an internal structure that suits it for its job. This is known as the ultrastructure of the cell. There are different types of cells inside the human body. They are the epithelial cells‚ muscle cells‚ nerve
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Cell Specialisation All cells are designed to perform a particular job within an organism‚ that is‚ to sustain life. Cells can become specialized to perform a particular function within an organism‚ usually as part of a larger tissue consisting of many of the same cells working together for example muscle cells. The cells combine together for a common purpose. All organisms will contain specialised cells. There are hundreds of types of specialised cells. Below is listed some of the major ones
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Experiment title: Preparation of Biological Materials for Microscopic Examination Objectives: 1. To learn how to use a microscope. 2. To study the cell structure of starch grains‚ onion cells and cheek cells. 3. To differentiate the difference between starch grains‚ onion cells and cheek cells. Introduction: Microscope is an optical instrument use to magnify micro objects that hardly or impossible to be observed by naked eyes‚ so that the objects can be studied. Compound light microscope
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the same chemical formula but different structures (mirror images) • • Glucose “the blood sugar” • The primary source of energy in all living things • • Galactose • • Fructose “fruit sugar” Isomerization A chemical reaction in which a substance is rearranged to form another substance. Hydrolysis Is a chemical reaction by which a large substance is broken down into smaller units through the addition of water. Dehydration synthesis Is
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Hell in a Cell is a professional wrestling cage-based match held in WWE (formerly World Wrestling Federation). It features a large roofed steel cage structure or "cell" which encloses the ring and ringside area. While similar to the steel cage match in profile and structure‚ unlike the steel cage match wherein exiting over the cage results in a win‚ only executing a pinfall or submission will result in a win. As in a steel cage match‚ disqualifications do not apply. The original Cell was 16 ft (4
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The fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane. What is the fluid mosaic model? The fluid mosaic model is a model conceived by S.J. Singer and Garth Nicolson in 1972 to describe the structural features of biological membranes. The membrane is described to be fluid because of its hydrophobic integral components such as lipids and membrane proteins that move laterally or sideways throughout the membrane. That means the membrane is not solid‚ but more like a ’fluid’. The membrane is depicted as mosaic
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Chapter 2 IB Biology 2.1 Cell Theory 2.1.1 Outline the cell theory (2). • All organisms are composed of one or more cells • Cells are the smallest units of life • All cells come from preexisting cells • TOK: cell theory replaces the former ideas of spontaneous generation or abiogenesis in which inanimate matter assembles itself into living forms • Exception: muscle cells- more than 1 nucleus‚ very long; (fungal cells) hyphae roots- not a single unit; protoctista- not specialized to single
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Blood Cells Leukocytes (WBC’s) Leukocytes also known as white blood cells (WBCs) are cells which play a defensive roll in the body against injury and infection. They migrate towards tissues where they are needed and become functional performing various activities. WBCs can be divided into 2 groups: Polymorphonuclear granulocytes and mononuclear agranulocytes. Both types are spherical while suspended in blood plasma but when they invade tissues after leaving the blood vessels they become amoeboid
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CELL DIVISION REVIEW 1. Name the phase of interphase in which cells copy their DNA. G-2 2. Anaphase 3. Name the phase in which spindle fibers disappear. telephase 4. Put the following cells in the correct order. A interphase B telephase C anaphase D prophase E metaphase 5. centromere 6. DNA that is spread out in the nucleus of a non-dividing cell is called chromatin. 7. Name the phase this cell is in. 8. Name
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2006 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN CELLS Achievement Standard 90464 – Biology 2.8 – Describe cell structure and function TYPES OF CELLS • PROKARYOTIC CELLS = more primitive‚ unicellular‚ have no organised nucleus‚ no membrane-bound organelles‚ genetic material is 1 circular DNA molecule‚ can have tiny extra rings of DNA called plasmids‚ all have cell walls e.g. bacteria and blue-green algae • EUCARYOTIC CELLS = unicellular or multi-cellular‚ plant and animal cells‚ have a nucleus
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