proportionate to the severity of the defendant’s criminal conduct seems to be a basic requirement of fairness. However‚ the last two decades have witnessed continuing debate over the rationales for punishing convicted offenders (Hirsch‚ 1992). Whilst retributivist views punishment as ethnical principles‚ which are morally justified because it is deserved and it is inherently right that the guilty suffer for their wrongdoings‚ others such as utilitarian’s‚ view punishment as beneficial consequences in that it
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1.Describe and evaluate the Criminal Justice System. The criminal justice system is directly involved in prosecuting‚ defending‚ sentencing‚ punishing and much more to those who are suspected or convicted of criminal offenses. It also brings some sort of order in the community as to what people can and cannot do. The criminal justice system has worked in good and bad ways because‚ it has too much power that the people who enforce it take advantage of it and anybody would take their word for it instead
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Philosophies of Punishment: Retribution David A. Gonzales California State University‚ Fullerton According to the book‚ Criminal Law and Punishment‚ written by Joel Samaha‚ the characteristics of punishment include pain or unpleasant consequences‚ punishment prescribed by the law‚ punishment administered intentionally and punishment administered by the state (Samaha 22). The two sole purposes of punishment are prevention and retribution. The five philosophies of punishment
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CRIMINAL JUSTICE Robert Reiff once said‚ the problems of crime always get reduced to “What can be done about criminals?” Nobody asks‚ what can be about victims?” (Shcmelleger‚ 1999) The consequences of crime vary from one individual to another. Crime can involve financial loss‚ property damage‚ physical injury‚ and death. Less obvious but sometimes more devastating are the psychological wounds‚ left in the wake of victimization‚ wounds that may never heal. In an attempt to prevent victimization
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Introduction As the international trade grows rapidly these years‚ the trade sanctions are increasing at the same time. It was widely used in modern society; many countries prefer solving political or economic problems by trade sanction. NO one knows whether it really works‚ anyway‚ it catches the pubic attention as an important role. Trade sanction was carried out in different forms‚ they reduce the quality of imported products from some specific countries‚ and reduce exported items. Those countries
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one out of every eleven people is behind bars (US Bureau of Justice‚ 2009). Year after year‚ we witness that more African American men‚ compared to other races‚ are imprisoned. For what you may ask? And simply answered for being a black man in America. The concepts of discrimination‚ racism‚ and most importantly oppression that many leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X sought to eliminate in our country have no longer been used with segregated restaurants and water fountains but instead
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the state exerted complete control over the punishment of the offender. __T__3). The programs may be under funded‚ but today all 50 states have passed legislation providing monetary payments to crime victims. ___T_4) Most victim/witness assistance programs are staffed by highly trained professionals. __T__5) Advocates for victims’ rights assert the fundamental right of victims to be equitably represented throughout the criminal justice process. ___T_6) When the victim’s movement
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rehabilitation‚ probation‚ and parole‚ or the administrative system by which these are effectuated. There are various types of punishment in the field of corrections. Firstly‚ Retribution can be seen as the idea that an offender should be punished for their wrongdoings or in other words “the punishment should fit the crime”. A perfect example of an application of this philosophy applied in contemporary correction for example the death penalty. The death penalty in the United States is mostly served on
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against cruel or unusual punishment A right to protection from physical harm A right to sanitary and healthy conditions of confinement A limited right to legal assistance while imprisoned A limited right to religious freedom while imprisoned A limited right to freedom of speech while imprisoned A limited right to due process prior to denial of privileges These individual rights must be effectively balanced against these public-order concerns: ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Punishment of the guilty Safe communities
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CJA 204 January 30‚2013 Criminal Justice System In this paper the theme is to discuss the peripheral of the Criminal Justice system and its roles. This paper will also explain the process of the Criminal Justice System. In addition‚ it will give a brief description of crime‚ its relationship to the law and the models of how society determines its acts. Crime and its relationship to the law The definition
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