height‚ weight‚ how we look‚ as well as how we act. In the essay “seeking the roots on violence” Anastasia Toufexis stated that “for one thing‚ genes help control production of behavior relating chemicals. One suspect substance is the neurotransmitter serotonin.” Someone that has a chemical imbalance in the brain can cause depression and violence. Serotonin is chemical in our brain that controls ones mood. When a person is clinically classified as depressed he or she is prescribed to
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because most of the recreational substances we indulge in‚ work on exactly the same brain bits that love does. It all comes down to what love does to a couple of chemicals in your brain: dopamine and noradrenaline. Dopamine and noradrenaline are neurotransmitters - they get released from nerve cells‚ switch on other nerve cells that are sensitive to them‚ and then get reabsorbed. (Complicate that by a factor of about 40 zillion and you’re somewhere near the reality of how the brain works‚ because by switching
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The Neuromuscular Junction by: Dominique Latham 651 words A neuromuscular junction is a place in the body where the axons of motor nerves meet the muscle‚ thus transmitting messages from the brain which cause the muscle to contract and relax. Every organism has thousands of neuromuscular joints which are the locations and means by which the motor neuron of the nervous system that instructs the muscle cells of the muscular systems to take action. Action that ‚ in turn lead to movements of muscles
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the muscles in the chest area begin to show symptoms it becomes difficult for the patient to breathe on their own. Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular disorder. The body produces antibodies that block the muscle cells from receiving messages (neurotransmitters) from the nerve cell. This inhibits any message that was traveling along that nerve from moving onto the next. There is no known cure for Myasthenia gravis but certain treatments can help the body go into remission. Possibly one of the more
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fear is a normal emotional reaction‚ it is a survival mechanism we are all equipped with. This emotion is a response to danger and serves a protective purpose‚ warning us of threats and preparing us to deal with it. Dopamine is a monoamine neurotransmitter
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intramuscularly to the patients a few hours before the operation in order to relieve anxiety‚ promote sedation and amnesia. Benzodiazepines act on a positive regulatory site on the GABAA receptor‚ a ligand-gated ion channel‚ enhancing the activity of GABA neurotransmitter when it binds to the GABAA receptor. Subsequently‚ this leads to greater influx of chloride ions into the nerve cell‚ lowering the electrical potential of the cell and therefore having an overall inhibitory effect on the central nervous system
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including calcium (Ca++)‚ to flow into the cell. 4. The ion pumps can no longer transport calcium out of the cell‚ and intracellular calcium levels get too high. 5. The presence of calcium triggers the release of the excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter glutamate. 6. Glutamate stimulates AMPA receptors and Ca++-permeable NMDA receptors‚ which open to allow more calcium into cells. 7. Excess calcium entry overexcites cells and causes the generation of harmful chemicals like free radicals
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Dopamine is a neurotransmitter‚ responsible for the transmission of nerve cells in the brain. From the mention of serotonin above‚ it is stated that both of those are linked‚ though they do have their differences. A lack of serotonin produced in the brain can be the cause of depression. However‚ most do not realize that another cause of this is due to the chemical imbalance of the lack of dopamine produced in the brain. Doctors often misdiagnose patients as they presume that they are depressed due
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Carbachol = cholinomimetic drug that binds and activates the acetylcholine receptor. It is a cholinergic agonist used for treating glaucoma or during ophthalmic surgery. Choline carbamate Positively charged quaternary ammonium compound Not well absorbed in GIT tract and does not cross the BBB Not easily metabolised by cholinesterase 2-5 min onset of action Duration of action 4-8 hours (topical)‚ 24 hours for intraocular administration Parasympathomimetic that sitmulates both muscarinic and
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03 - 31 - 2006 RESULTS: In this experiment the effect of different hormones on heart rate of _Daphnia_ was examined. It was investigated which substances act as stimulants and which substances act as depressant. Initially‚ _Daphnia_ was placed on depression slide under the microscope and the average heart rate was determined. Subsequently‚ _Daphnia_ was treated with different type of hormone and the effect on Daphnia heart rate was observed. It was investigated which substances act as stimulants
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