SPINE Volume 26‚ Number 10‚ pp 1167–1171 ©2001‚ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins‚ Inc. Reliability and Validity of the Active Straight Leg Raise Test in Posterior Pelvic Pain Since Pregnancy Jan M. A. Mens‚ MD‚*† Andry Vleeming‚ PhD‚* Chris J. Snijders‚ PhD‚‡ Bart W. Koes‚ PhD‚§ and Henk J. Stam‚ MD‚ PhD† Pregnancy is frequently complicated by the occurrence of lumbopelvic pain; the reported cumulative 9-month incidence ranges from 48%-56%.2‚4‚8‚12 Posterior pelvic pain since pregnancy (PPPP) is
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“Genes determine intelligence” critically discuss the contemporary evidence. Research on intelligence has been around for centuries one of the earliest known testing is said to be as early as 2200 BC where Chinese administrators tested civil servants periodically to make sure they acquired the necessary abilities/skills for their job. Today psychologist now test on weather intelligence is genetically induced and if so to what extent by taking into account environmental factors‚ using methods like
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Quasi-Experimental Designs and External Validity In research the goal is to design a study that is generalizable to other populations‚ settings‚ and times‚ however this is not an easy task (Campbell & Stanley‚ 1963). Researchers try to create studies that have strong external validity‚ while attempting to avoid possible threats. External validity determines the extent to which the data collected in one study can be generalized to other populations‚ setting‚ treatments variables‚ and measurement
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The social skill programs provided have been recognized by the National Association of School Psychologists. The programs have been recognized for being evidence-based strategies. The first program is Skillstream. It meets students’ needs at three instructional/ developmental levels. The first level is early childhood and provides instruction for 40 prosocial skills in six categories. The six categories are beginning social skill‚ school-related skills‚ and friendship making skills‚ dealing with
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An essay on finding nemo ’Brilliant’‚ ’Quite Good’‚ ’What?’‚ these are just some of the comments made recently in the press regarding finding nemo. The constantly changing fashionable take on finding nemo demonstrates the depth of the subject. Remarkably finding nemo is heralded by shopkeepers and investment bankers alike‚ leading many to state that finding nemo is not given the credit if deserves for inspiring many of the worlds famous painters. The juxtapositioning of finding nemo with fundamental
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Outline the process of urbanisation and describe its effects. Urbanisation is the growth in the proportion of a country’s population the lives in urban as opposed to rural areas. Urbanisation first occurred in MEDCs during the industrial revolution that took place in Europe and North America in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Since 1950‚ urbanisation has been rapidly occurring in LEDCs and nowadays‚ the rate of urbanisation in LEDCs‚ for example‚ in South America‚ Africa and Asia
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There are 5 steps to the physical evidence process. Step 1 of the physical process is to respond to the crime. Police officers will need to secure the crime scene and set up communication with other officers and investigators to establish a plan of action. These same officers and investigators must be able to communicate with witnesses at the crime scene. To accomplish this goal‚ the police on the scene must establish what has happened‚ was a crime committed‚ and if a crime was committed how
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on the board Meigchilyt (2007). Nowadays‚ it is obvious that visual materials have been used in every field and technological devices‚ especially televisions and computers‚ have been affected students. As a result of instructional materials that are supported by variety of sound‚ image and animations are observed as more lasting‚ enjoyable and effective ones Demirel (2006). These are experimental evidences that only oral explanation method doesn’t work well. If principles of how students learn are
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Understanding the Research Process Resources: Ch. 1‚ 2‚ and & 7 of Psychology This required Portfolio assignment will provide you with the opportunity to practice and hone your research skills. It has been designed to help you think scientifically about real world problems and issues and to apply your knowledge of the research process to various topics in Psychology. This assignment accomplishes that goal by challenging you to: • Differentiate between the common use of the word research and the
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Describe the Business Research Process The business research process is an organized approach to studying all aspects of a business‚ the market‚ and its customer base to assist in making wise business decisions. The process consists of a logical flow of steps to arrive at a management decision. Step 1 begins with a management dilemma requiring further research. Once the research question is clarified through exploration the next step begins. Step 2 is proposing research‚ or data collection
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