• Defining What Statistics Really Is 1.1 Nature of Statistics The term “Statistics” came from the Latin word ‘status’ which could be translated as ‘state’. The usage of this term only became popular during the 18 th century where they defined Statistics as “the science of dealing with data about the condition of a state or community”. The practice of statistics could be traced back even from the early biblical times where they gather figures related to governance of the state for they realized
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CHANNELS OF DISTRIBUTION Even before a product is ready for market‚ management should determine what methods and routes will be used to get there. This means establishing strategies for the product distribution channels and physical distribution. Managing a distribution channel often begins with a producer; therefore we will discuss channels largely from a producer’s vantage point. MIDDLEMEN AND DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS Ownership of a product has to be transferred somehow from the individual or organization
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT No work is a work of individual. This project is not an exception to it. I owe a sense of gratitude to the co-operation and support of all those people who have let me understand what is needed from time to time for completion of this project. It is very difficult to prepare a project especially when someone is new for this experience. Without any help or guidance it is not easy to achieve this given task. So I would thank all the patrons of this project. I am thankful to HUL
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Probability Theory and Game of Chance Jingjing Xu April 24‚ 2012 I. INTRODUCTION Probability theory is the mathematical foundation of statistics‚ and it can be applied to many areas requiring large data analysis. Curiously‚ that the study on probability theory has its root in parlor games and gambling. In 17th century‚ dice gambling was a very common entertainment among the upper class. An
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(I) INTRODUCTION A channel of distribution or trade channel is defined as the path or route along which goods move from producers or manufacturers to ultimate consumers or industrial users. In other words‚ it is a distribution network through which producer puts his products in the market and passes it to the actual users. This channel consists of :- producers‚ consumers or users and the various middlemen like wholesalers‚ selling agents and retailers(dealers) who intervene between the producers
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B6014 MANAGERIAL STATISTICS Course Description: This course introduces students to basic concepts in probability and statistics of relevance to managerial decision making. Topics include basic data analysis‚ random variables and probability distributions‚ sampling distributions‚ interval estimation‚ hypothesis testing and regression. Numerous examples are chosen from quality-control applications‚ finance‚ marketing and management. Type and Length of Exam: Open book‚ 3 hours‚ calculator such as HP-12C
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Q1 In a test given to 500 students‚ the average marks was 56 and the standard deviation was 20. Find (i) the number of students exceeding a score of 60. (ii) the number of students having marks between 50 and 70. (iii) the value of marks exceeded by the top 100 students. Answer-------- (i) number of students exceeding a score of 60=210 (ii) The number of students having marks between 50 and 70=188 (iii) The value of marks exceeded by the top 100 students=73 Q2. Following
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IIUM Students’ perception towards the efficiency of zakat management: Distribution in Malaysia Haron bin Rashid International Islamic University Malaysia 1 Abstract This paper about the study of IIUM Students’ perception towards the efficiency of zakat management: distribution in Malaysia. All subjects were selected from International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) and the data were collected using the sampling technique used for the selection of these students that were chosen randomly
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DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT CH1: MARKETING CHANNEL CONCEPTS Growing Importance of Marketing Channels: 1. Explosion of IT and E-commerce 2. Harder to gain sustainable competitive advantage through other P’s 3. Growing power of distributors (esp. retailers who act as gatekeepers of consumer markets – agents of consumers not producers) 4. Need to reduce distribution costs MC Definition: The external contactual organisation that management operates to achieve its distribution
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population = Smaller percentage of people surveyed Smaller population = Larger percentage of people surveyed Probability Sampling A probability sampling method is any method of sampling that utilizes some form of random selection. In order to have a random selection method‚ you must set up some process or procedure that assures that the different units in your population have equal probabilities of being chosen. Some basic terms • • • • N - the number of cases in the sampling frame n - the
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