Title: Acids‚ Bases & Buffers Objectives: 1. To understand the acid-base chemistry. 2. To prepare and evaluate a buffer system 3. To measure the buffering capacity of two types of isotonic drinks. Introduction: There are acid-forming‚ basic forming and neutral food‚ however the acid or alkaline properties of a food is unable to judge by the actual acidity of the food itself. For example‚ citrus fruits such as lemon are acidic‚ but they are alkaline-forming when we consume and digest it. Therefore
Free PH Buffer solution Acid dissociation constant
------------------------------------------------- Hydrochloric acid From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Muriatic acid) Not to be confused with hydrogen chloride. Hydrochloric acid | | | | Other names[hide] * Muriatic acid[1] * Spirits of salt[2] | Identifiers | CAS number | 7647-01-0 | ChemSpider | 10633809 | UNII | QTT17582CB | EC number | 231-595-7 | ChEMBL | CHEMBL1231821 | ATC code | A09AB03‚B05XA13 | Properties | Appearance | Colourless
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Sex determination in plants Summary- Evolutionary transitions happened gradually from hermaphroditism to monoec in which multiple sex determining genes are involved which include male-sterility and female-sterility factors. There should not be any recombination between different loci which is the pivotal reason for the genetic degeneration of Y chromosomes. There are several theories attached to Y chromosome degeneration that are reviewed recently . Introduction: why are plant sex chromosomes
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Serina Pooja Sowman | Practical 7: Determination of Hardness in Water | | | | | 10/3/2012 | | Aim: To determine the different types of hardness and alkalinity found in the water by titration methods. This is used to calculate the concentrations of calcium and magnesium found in the water. Principles: The hardness of water is determined to provide a measure of the quality of water for household and industrial use. Hard water is not a health hazard. Drinking hard water
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Introduction: In this lab a total of six titrations are to be performed. Three of them will be done using a known Ca2+ solution‚ (1.000 g CaCO3 /L solution) and three of them will be done using an unknown solution obtained from the stock room. The objective of this lab is to determine the hardness of water‚ using the data collected from each titration performed with the unknown sample. Since the hardness of water arises from the presence of metal ions‚ we can use disodium salt of EDTA and the
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BENZOIC ACID & BENZOATES (210 –218) • Retards growth of bacteria and yeasts • Occurs naturally in many foods – a similar distribution to salicylate (but at a lower dose than as an additive) • Common food sources: Soft drink‚ cordial‚ fruit juice and cider Liquid essences and syrups Iceblocks‚ jelly‚ low joule jam‚ dips‚ pickles‚ olives Fish marinades and preserves • PABA (para-amino-benzoic-acid)
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structures and properties of amino acids know the groups of amino acid What are amino acids? Amino acids are molecules that when combined with each other proteins. Amino acids contain a central tetrahedral carbon atom (α-carbon) amine group‚ carboxyl group‚ R-side chain The R-side chain determines the different amino acids There are 20 common amino acids Amino acids can join via peptide bonds Several amino acids occur only rarely in proteins Some amino acids are not found in proteins 3D
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and these comprise only 20 kinds of amino acids in various combinations. These 20 kinds of amino acids are essential to the body. In addition to being the materials for proteins‚ they are used as an energy source for the body as necessary. Further‚ each amino acid plays an important and unique role in the body. The list below shows the role of each amino acid. | Valine Leucine Isoleucine | All of these 3 amino acids are called branched chain amino acid(BCAAs). They perform the important functions
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AMINO ACIDS SUSMITA DAS SWAPNA MONDAL OBJECTIVES To study about Amino acids. To study the classifications of amino acids based on different headings. To study the functions of amino acids. INTRODUCTION Amino acids:• Amino acids are monomers of protein. • Amino acids are group of organic compounds which contain two functional groups. One is Amino group(NH2) and the other is Carboxyl group(COOH). • Proteins are broken down into amino acids on hydrolysis. • Each amino acid also have a
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Citric Acid Names of chemical substance- Chemical formula: C6H8O7. Elements present in citric acid are; carbon‚ hydrogen and oxygen. Bonding- All the elements in citric acid are non-metals. Citric acid has a covalent bond type. History- in the 8th century jabir ibn hayyar a Persian alchemist was credited with the discovery of citric acid. in 1784 the separation of citric acid from citrus fruits occurred when Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele separated citric acid from lemon juice. The next
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