Structure of Cells Monday‚ September 30‚ 2013 • Cytology ○ Cyto = cell ○ Logos = study of • Background ○ 1665 Robert Hook’s Micrographia § Was studying cork cells ○ 1833 R. Brown § Discovered nucleus ○ 1838 M. Schleiden § Said that all plants consist of cells ○ 1839 T. Schwann § All animals consist of cells ○ 1855 Virchow § Cells come only from preexisting cells • The Cell Theory ○ Cells are the structural units of all living things ○ Cells are
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Water Scarcity & the Importance of Water Introduction: This report has been written to inform you of the world water crisis which is getting worse every second. It has also been written to inform you about the water scarcity and importance. Water Scarcity and importance: Clean‚ safe drinking water is not easy to find any longer. Today‚ nearly 1 billion people in the developing world don’t have access to it. Yet‚ we take it for granted‚ we waste it‚ and we even pay too much to drink it from little
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Plant cells are eukaryotic cells that differ in several key aspects from the cells of other eukaryotic organisms. Their distinctive features include: A large central vacuole‚ a water-filled volume enclosed by a membrane known as the tonoplast maintains the cell’s turgor‚ controls movement of molecules between the cytosol and sap‚ stores useful material and digests waste proteins and organelles. A cell wall composed of cellulose and hemicellulose‚ pectin and in many cases lignin‚ is secreted by
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Solubility Product Determination Purpose • To determine the solubility product constant‚ Ksp‚ of an ionic compound. Introduction The solubility product constant‚ Ksp‚ is a particular type of equilibrium constant. The equilibrium is formed when an ionic solid dissolves in water to form a saturated solution. The equilibrium exists between the aqueous ions and the undissolved solid. A saturated solution contains the maximum concentration of ions of the substance that can dissolve at
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Task 3 P3 - The potential effects of discrimination There are lots of potential effects related to discrimination. It includes things like disempowerment‚ low self-esteem and self-identity and also marginalisation. I am now going to explain these effects and connect them with a case study. Disempowerment is when a person or group of people may be made to feel less powerful or confident. Some people may try to fight against the discrimination causing an argument but many people do not and they lose
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out a practical examination on a plant (onion) and an animal (cheek) cell under a light microscope. The stain methods I am going to use are iodine for my onion cell and methylene blue for my cheek cell. Introduction All animals and plants are made up of cells. Animal and plant cells are made from millions of tiny cells‚ so small that we are unable to see them with our naked eye. Animals and plants have many features in common within a cell such as a cell membrane‚ cytoplasm‚ mitochondria‚ ribosomes
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Organelle |Function |Location | | |Cell (plasma) membrane |Composed of proteins and a bilayer of lipid. |Outermost boundary of cell (animal) | | |Holds the contents of the cell in place. | | | |Regulates the movement of materials into and out of the cell using the |
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Cell Organelles Nucleus Its function is to control the cell’s activities and retain the chromosomes. The nucleus is bound by a double membrane‚ the nuclear envelope. The nuclear envelope has pores in it to allow the transport of mRNA. The cytoplasm like material is called nucleoplasm which contains chromatin (coils of DNA and histone proteins)‚ it is chromatin that condenses to form chromosomes during cell division. Within the nucleus is a small spherical body called the nucleolus which
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Introduction The current method of cell expansion using T25 flasks for human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have been proven to be extremely time and space consuming‚ labour intensive and difficult for scale-up (Minimal of 200 T25 flasks needed). It is estimated 2.8x108 - 5.6x108 undifferentiated hESCs are required by the end of the expansion stage for the process to work‚ as at least 5x107 cells of well differentiated post-mitotic Nrl+/Crx+ precursors are needed for transplant (Maclaren et al‚ 2006)
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Review Sheet Exercise 1 Cell Transport Mechanisms and Permeability Activity 1: Simulating Dialysis (Simple Diffusion) • Describe two variables that affect the rate of diffusion: Two variables that affect the rate of diffusion are size and concentration gradient. The molecular size vs the MWCO size of the membrane can either increase‚ decrease‚ or prevent diffusion. The greater the concentration gradient the greater the diffusion rate due to molecules moving from areas of higher concentration
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