lecture‚ you should be able to: understand the ordinary concepts of income; | | THE ORDINARY CONCEPTS OF INCOME What is Income? The assessable income of an entity for a year of income includes the ordinary income of an entity and the statutory income of the entity for that year (Section 6-1 ITAA (1997)). Ordinary income is income according to ordinary concepts. The courts have had to determine what is income according to ordinary concepts as there is no definition in the
Premium Taxation Tax Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
Case 5-1 Income Smoothing a. Firstly‚ investors tend to invest in companies with stable earnings rather than one with volatile earnings. With stable earnings‚ there will be more likely an issuance of dividends and investors could easily predict the company’s future earnings compared to one with unstable earnings. With consistent earnings generated‚ it gives investors a secured feeling that it will again generate earnings as predicted. Confidence in the growth of rate of earnings is crucial because
Premium Income statement Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Revenue
oyment incomeEMPLOYMENT INCOME Source of Employment Income The basis of taxation on employment income is that income from exercising an employment in Malaysia is regarded as Malaysian derived income. All income attributable to the employment exercised in Malaysia is subject to Malaysian tax irrespective of where the remuneration is paid. Where an employee is required to perform his duties outside Malaysia‚ the entire remuneration is still chargeable to Malaysian tax if the services rendered outside
Premium Option Employment Tax
distribution of income is to achieve economic equality‚ which is to give every citizen the opportunity of earning a decent living. However‚ our current system’s inability to better allocate the resources we have at our disposal has widened the gap between the wealthy and the poor especially during the past 20 years. The primary benefit of the distribution of income is to transfer wealth‚ with the help of the government‚ to those who are less fortunate. The current distribution of income is a cost to
Free Progressive tax Tax Distribution of wealth
Income Effect The equilibrium of the consumer is obtained on the basis of the assumption that the income level of the consumer remains constant and prices of the two commodities also remain constant. When income of the consumer changes or when any price level changes the equilibrium position will be affected. When income increases‚ prices of the commodities remaining the same‚ the budget line shifts parallel to the right. This happens because there is a change in the intercept part of the equation
Premium Consumer theory
JUSTUS-LIEBIGUNIVERSITÄT GIESSEN Andreas Bausch / Barbara E. Weißenberger / Marcus Blome Is market value-based residual income a superior performance measure compared to book value-based residual income? Working Paper 1 / 2003 – Arbeitspapiere Industrielles Management und Controlling – Herausgeber: Professur für Betriebswirtschaftslehre mit dem Schwerpunkt Industrielles Management und Controlling (Prof. Dr. Barbara E. Weißenberger) Justus-Liebig-Universität‚ Gießen http://wiwi
Premium Economics Net present value Discounted cash flow
Introduction The income smoothing literature has been the centre of attention in the accounting world for the past few decades. When companies experience economic turbulence due to a poor performance year‚ they turn to the accounting management department to resolve the bottom line. A strategy that managers can approach is changing the true information content of the company. As a result this has led managers to resort to smoothing their income. Many questions have been raised whether or not it
Premium Income
National Income Determination Introduction • A key objective of Macroeconomics is to explain GDP growth and its fluctuations • Therefore‚ need to understand the forces that determine GDP (“National Income”) • John Maynard Keynes in his “General Theory of Employment‚ Interest and Money” (1936) developed a model of income determination • Known as Keynesian Theory of Income Determination • Aggregate spending / demand determines the level of aggregate output Concepts and Functions Actual
Premium Macroeconomics Keynesian economics Consumption function
plans to continue operating in the future and issue financial statements each year. 9. The dividends account is closed to the Income Summary account in order to properly determine net income (or loss) for the period. 10. After closing entries have been journalized and posted‚ all temporary accounts in the ledger should have zero balances. 11. Closing revenue and expense accounts to the Income Summary account is an optional bookkeeping procedure. 12. Closing the
Premium Balance sheet Revenue Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
Distribution of Income • The fifth macroeconomical goals to ensure that income distribution is equitable. Equitable means fair‚ but fairness is an elusive concept and it means different things to different people. • A more equitable distribution may help to accelerate growth and promote human and economic development in many ways: • The propensity to consume of the poor is higher than that of the rich so redistribution will increase aggregate demand especially for basic goods and services.
Free Progressive tax Tax Taxation