The purpose of this experiment was to determine the F1 genotype of fruit fly traits using the phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation and to express these results of the unknown cross through a Chi-square model and Mendelian genetics. After the experiment‚ it was found that the parents held a heterozygous genotype through using the Chi-square model‚ and that the observed and expected values fall within the Chi-squared value which also falls into the p-value. The Chi-squared value was 5.64‚ the degrees
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Chapter 13 SQ3Rs 13.1 Questions: 1) What are applied genetics? 2) How is selective breeding useful? 3) Explain the process of hybridization. 4) What are the dangers of inbreeding? 5) When doing a test cross‚ what are some things you must do? Answers: 1) Applied genetics is using genetics to as a technology to further advance and improve life. 2) Selective breeding is used to get desired traits to later generations. 3) In the process of hybridization‚ which is a form of
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CHAPTER 2: CELLS Learning about disease is often simplified by growing it in a dish – some cells like heart and nerve cells however do not grow easily outside the body. Cellular reprogramming takes cell back to a state similar to stem cells and then coaxes them to specialize in a different way. Example – LEOPARD syndrome MIM 151100. Acronym for symptoms: enlarged heart w/blocked valves to the lungs‚ freckles‚ abnormal genitals‚ deafness. Skin cells taken from patients were reprogrammed to give
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Introduction: * Genetics are composed of five main areas: DNA replication‚ meiosis‚ reproduction‚ adaptation and evolution. The body is composed of 46 chromosomes (23 from your mother and 23 of your father). The genes are in your cells in the nucleus and some in the mitochondria. The genes are a small part of a long molecule called DNA. DNA is a double stranded molecule (sugar‚ phosphate and four different bases: Adenine‚ Thymine‚ Cytosine and Guanine). The bases in the DNA are
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Nature vs. Nurture this debate has been adamantly debated since the beginning of time. There is Nature‚ which states who we are is determined before birth‚ and there is Nurture which states that who we are is based on the environment in which we are raised. John Locke and british empiricists believed that all people were born with a tabula rasa and only experience could establish the behavorial traits of a person..B. F. Skinner also in a way saw every living animal as a blank slate. He knew
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CHAPTER 8 1) DNA is found in structures called ______. -chromosomes 2) A(n) ______ is an example of an organism that can reproduce asexually. -amoeba 3)+++ Examine the figure below. Nucleosomes are made of ______. - DNA wrapped around histone proteins 4)++ As shown in the following figure‚ plant cell cytokinesis differs from animal cell cytokinesis because - Plant cells form a cell plate and animal cells do not 5)The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells are found in the _____ -Nucleus 6) Chromatin consists
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¬¬¬Biology Exam 4 Energy III – Cellular Respiration (Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain) A. The Krebs Cycle a. Energy i. The net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH represents an effective transfer of 20 kcal of energy to ATP (about 10 kcal each) about 80 kcal of energy to NADH (about 40 kcal each)‚ for a total of about 100 kcal ii. Complete oxidation of glucose results in the release of 684 kcal of energy‚ significant energy still remaining in pyruvate b. Eukaryotes i. Pyruvate is transported
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Thymine (A-T) and Cytosine and Guanine (C-G). DNA is found in the nucleus of every human cell. Humans have 46 chromosomes. When a cell reproduces‚ the chromosomes get copied and distributed to each offspring. 2. How does an organism’s genotype determine its phenotype? The genes are transcribed to produce mRNA. The mRNA is translated to produce proteins. The proteins are more often than not enzymes‚that catalyze reactions that would otherwise take forever to happen. These reactions
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The term “survival of the fittest” was first used by Charles Darwin in his book Origin of the Species. Over the years‚ this term has been widely used‚ often with a misconception of the true meaning of it. It will be looked at what this misconception is and why people think this way. Survival of the fittest is thought to explain how natural selection occurs and this will be explained in the essay through Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria. The misconception idea of “survival of the fittest” described by
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Role of Genetics Brenda Dople PSY 104 Child and Adolescent Development Instructor Andrew Fletcher April 16‚ 2012 There are billions of people on this planet. Everyone is different. Even our closest siblings can look‚ behave and have different abilities than we do. Do you ever wonder how this happens? Environmental and biological factors work together in a lifelong process to determine how a child will develop into an adult. In this paper‚ I will discuss how the biological
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