The electronic private automatic branch exchange (EPABX) is equipment that has made day-to-day working in the offices much simpler‚ especially in the area of communication. The EPABX may be defined as a switching system that makes available both internal and external stitching functions of any organisation. The selection of an EPBAX is a difficult task and requires deep knowledge of traffic pattern of the office. By using an EPABX both the internal and external needs of the organisation are
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http://www.wsws.org/articles/2010/feb2010/pilo-f22.shtml The Lufthansa management now regards the commitment it made in 1992 as outdated. The decline in ticket prices means that planes with 50 or 70 seats are no longer profitable‚ and consequently the company wants to purchase aircraft with 95 and 110 seats from manufacturers Bombardier and Embraer and fly them using lower-paid pilots from Lufthansa subsidiaries. The pilots’ union fears that this will gradually undermine all prevailing collective
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What is a static budget? A static budget is a budget that does not change as volume changes. If a company’s annual master budget is a static budget‚ the budget for sales commissions expense will be one amount such as $200‚000 for the year. In other words‚ in a static budget the budgeted amount for sales commissions expense will remain at $200‚000 even if the actual sales during the year are $3 million‚ $4 million or $5 million. In contrast to a company’s static master budget‚ the company’s sales
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India “Democracy is the art and science of mobilizing the entire physical‚ economic and spiritual resources of various sections of the people in the service of the common good of all.” Mahatma Gandhi BUDGET 2009-10 July 6‚ 2009 1 http://indiabudget.nic.in Key Features of Budget 2009-2010 CHALLENGES ! ! ! to lead economy to high GDP growth rate of 9 per cent per annum at the earliest to deepen and broaden the agenda for inclusive development to improve delivery mechanisms of the government
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Administration Process SEC/370 Michael Scott University of Phoenix Operating Budgets Paper Budgets are systematic plans that organizations use to manage objectives and goals. They are important documents that bring out important aspects of the organization and provide information to direct that organizations activities (Johnson‚ 2005). They are basic planning tools that help managers make decisions within the organization. Budgets vary in different organizations by type and size. They are routine and
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1. The federal budget is the process through which annual federal spending and revenue decisions are prepared (Patterson‚ 2013‚ p.388). The Constitution allocates that congress has the power to tax and spend; however‚ the president who is the chief executive plays a significant role in determining the budget (Patterson‚ 2013‚ p. 338). The federal budget process begins in the executive branch when the president is in consultation with the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) who establishes general
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· What is a flexible budget? A flexible budget is a budget that is a function of one or more levels of activities. The flexible budget is more intricate and useful than a normal budget‚ which remains at one amount regardless of the volume of the activities. · What are the steps to developing a flexible budget? The steps taken to develop a flexible budget are as follow: • Identify the activity index and the relevant range of activity. • Identify the variable costs
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The Budget Analysis Why do we use budgets? Well‚ as individuals if we did not use budgets then we would not have enough money to spend it on the things we love to do. Therefore‚ there is no difference in the business world; a budget is a plan that helps organizations achieve their financial and strategic goals (Nobles‚ Mattison‚ & Matsumura‚ 2014‚ p. 1316). However‚ a budget is not all about crunching numbers together; it is a process that will be discussed in detail that addresses the potential
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market drop‚ the rise of the dollar against foreign currencies‚ increased unemployment‚ and other economic factors‚ March 2001 officially began a nationwide recession that triggered budget problems in at least forty-five states. -The 2001 recession was the fourth recession in 30 years. After past recessions budget experts recommended establishing a “rainy-day fund” (saving funds during boom times in order to cushion the shocks of economic busts). Wisconsin established the fund but never put money
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Balanced Budget Amendment I do not believe that within the next seven years the United States Constitution will be amended to require the national government to balance its budget each year. While I believe that a balanced budget is necessary in order to avoid potential political and economic crises‚ the party division in the two chambers of Congress as well as the difficulty of amending the Constitution‚ pose a major obstacle this nation faces in order to do so. “A Republican balanced-budget plan would
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