INTRODUCTION Drinking water or potable water is water of sufficiently high quality that it can be consumed or used without risk of immediate or long term harm. In most developed countries‚ the water supplied to households‚ commerce and industry is all of drinking water standard‚ even though only a very small proportion is actually consumed or used in food preparation. Clean drinking water has yet to be completely recognized as a basic human right. While water plays a vital role in every aspect
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10:35 AM Page 96 Chapter 4 DECISION ANALYSIS CONTENTS 4.1 PROBLEM FORMULATION Influence Diagrams Payoff Tables Decision Trees DECISION MAKING WITHOUT PROBABILITIES Optimistic Approach Conservative Approach Minimax Regret Approach DECISION MAKING WITH PROBABILITIES Expected Value of Perfect Information RISK ANALYSIS AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS Risk Analysis Sensitivity Analysis DECISION ANALYSIS WITH SAMPLE INFORMATION An Influence Diagram A Decision Tree Decision Strategy Risk Profile Expected
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allocate costs? How do companies allocate costs? And how this cost allocation can affect the decision making of the company. It is important for the companies to find the proper method to allocate the costs. Cost allocation is an important issue in many companies because many of the costs associated with designing‚ producing and distributing products and services are not easily identified with the products and services that are created. It would have been easier for companies to allocate cost if costs
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Advantages: 1)Take all cost elements into consideration‚ because it extends the procurement to the whole life cycle of product within a firm. 2)Reflects the real cost of the purchasing rather than the pure acquisition. 3)It helps to define a rational purchasing policy for the buyer‚ for instance‚ how to allocate the purchasing volume‚ and to whom‚ and etc. 4)It can be a tool to evaluate outsourcing deals. 5)Can be used in negotiations with suppliers‚ by making visible some of the committed costs induced
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3 Shipping Market Cycles The four most expensive words in the English language are‚ ‘This time it’s different’. (Sir John Templeton‚ quoted in Devil Take the Hindmost‚ Chancellor 1999‚ p. 191) 3.1 INTRODUCING THE SHIPPING CYCLE Market cycles pervade the shipping industry. As one shipowner put it: ‘When I wake up in the morning and freight rates are high I feel good. When they are low I feel bad’.1 Just as the weather dominates the lives of seafarers‚ so the waves of shipping cycles
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------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- New Perspectives excel 2010 ------------------------------------------------- Tutorial 7: Case Problem 1 PC-Market Distribution Skills Insert calculated columns in an Excel table Use the IF function Use structured references to create formulas in Excel tables Create nested IFs Use the VLOOKUP function to find and exact match Use the VLOOKUP
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concepts • Inventory management and cross functional areas using both qualitative and quantitative methods • Applications of computers in Materials Management Prescribed Textbook 1. Arnold‚ J.R. Tony & others‚ “Introduction to Materials Management”‚ Pearson Education‚ 6th Edition‚ 2007. Reference Books 1. Sunil Chopra & Peter Meindl‚ “Supply Chain Management: Strategy‚ Planning and Operation”‚ Pearson Education‚ Third Edition 2007. 2. Robert S. Russell‚ Bernard W.Taylor-II‚ “Operations
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the Theory of Constraints? The Theory of Constraints is an organizational change method that is focused on profit improvement. The essential concept of TOC is that every organization must have at least one constraint. A constraint is any factor that limits the organization from getting more of whatever it strives for‚ which is usually profit. The Goal focuses on constraints as bottleneck processes in a job-shop manufacturing organization. However‚ many non-manufacturing constraints exist‚ such as
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CASE ANALYSIS: EDMUNDS CORRUGATED PARTS & SERVICES I. Problem Identification 1. Demand on Edmunds Corrugated Parts and Services products are diminishing. 2. Remote location of its business. 3. High price of ram material. 4. Difficulty of replacing hardworking and loyal existing employee. II. Objectives 1. To keep the company of its current standing in the market in the future. 2. To develop new parts and products that will compete on new trends of shipping products. 3. To find other
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corporation headquartered in Cupertino‚ California that designs‚ develops‚ and sells consumer electronics‚ computer software‚ and personal computers. Its best-known hardware products are the Mac line of computers‚ the iPod‚ the iPhone‚ and the iPad. Its software includes the OS X and iOS operating systems‚ the iTunes media browser‚ the Safari web browser‚ and the iLife and iWork creativity and production suites. The company was founded on April 1‚ 1976‚ and incorporated as Apple Computer‚ Inc. on January
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