LEGAL CULTURE Review Essay – Freedom of Contract in the 19th Century: Mythology and the Silence of the Sources – Sibylle Hofer’s Freiheit ohne Grenzen? Privatrechtstheoretische Diskussionen im 19. Jahrhundert Sibylle Hofer‚ Freiheit ohne Grenzen? privatrechtstheoretische Diskussionen im 19. Jahrhundert‚ Mohr (Siebeck): Tübingen 2001‚ 313 pp.‚ Jus Publicum Vol. 53‚ ISBN 316-147576-3 By Andreas Abegg and Annemarie Thatcher* “Qui dit contractuel‚ dit juste”.1 This oft-cited quote by Fouillée
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Imperialsim occured from 1870 onwards. European countries were the biggest imperialist during 19th century‚ their policy of extending their state over other territories were mass in area. Conquering from Africa to Asia. Here are some facts: in the 1875 10% of Africa was ruled by european countries and by 1895 90% of Africa was ruled by europeans. There are several important causes of new imperialism in the late 19th Century. Such as economical and political causes and social cause. Politics is one of
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Progress in late 19th century Latin America “To develop to a higher‚ better‚ or more advanced stage” is how progress is defined in the Merriam-Webster dictionary. During the late 19th century‚ Latin America‚ in particular‚ was striving to do just what this definition states. From copying other countries ideas to living more luxurious lives‚ the majority of Latin America was ready to progress and thrive as a whole. However‚ in opposition‚ a number of people resisted progress because they were
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During the 19th century‚ Europe went through many changes. The Industrial Revolution changed manufacturing and lead to the production of more higher quality goods. Nationalism was also fully adopted in the 19th century and lead to people wanting to break away from autocratic rule and form their own government ruled by people of the same ethnicity. These knew ways of thinking eventually lead to conflict which would be extremely detrimental to Europe and set the stage for more problems down the road
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and Alcohol in the 19th Century In the early 19th century the working class lived on plain food such as bread‚ butter‚ potatoes and bacon. Butcher’s meat was a luxury. However things greatly improved in the late 19th century. Railways and steamships made it possible to import cheap grain from North America so bread became cheaper. Refrigeration made it possible to import cheap meat from Argentina and Australia. Consumption of sugar also increased. By the end of the 19th century most people were eating
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since the 19th century has been truly amazing. They have gone from not having any anesthesia to the anesthesia being a normal thing now for operations from a simple tooth being pulled to major surgeries like open-heart surgery. Other things that has improved majorly is the cleanliness of the operating rooms and the surgical tools. And lastly the doctors are in school a lot longer then they ever was back in the 19th century. Anesthesia has been an ever-changing item in medicine since the 19th century
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The average American was susceptible to many infectious diseases during the 1800’s. Because the spread of disease and pathology itself were not adequately understood until the late 1800’s(major epidemics continued to occur into the 1900’s‚ however)‚ and the practice of medicine was relatively primitive‚ the average life expectancy was very low. Many epidemics occurred in the new and thriving industrial centers of America‚ where rapid urbanization had not provided for adequate sanitation or living
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American Women in the 19th vs. 20th Century For many of the American history‚ women were not considered equal to men and were denied equality in many areas in life. In the 19th century women had no legal identity‚ apart from their husband. Married women could not hold property in their own names‚ make contracts‚ sit on a jury‚ write a will‚ or vote. Nor did women have the same opportunities for education and careers that men had. Yet‚ many women found ways to show their intelligence‚ courage‚
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In the 19th century‚ the Irish population experienced a major boom in population rate‚ as people began to give birth to more children‚ due to the catholic believes. During the years of the Potato Famine in 1845 to 1851‚ almost 1.5 million Irish died‚ due to hunger‚ as they mainly lived of the potatoes. This created a great boom of Irish fleeing to America‚ almost 1.7 million from the mid 1840’s to the 1860’s‚ in the hope of getting a brighter future. The majority of these migrated to the Northeast
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of the most horrific examples of this was demonstrated in WWII under the Nazi regime. However‚ the seeds of Anti-Semitism that germinated at that time were the result of the preceding century’s growing anti-Jewish sentiments and tensions. The 19th century was a turbulent time in Europe. The French Revolution had recently ended and the Napoleonic Wars were erupting. The discovery of the steam engine and electricity helped fuel an Industrial Revolution‚ which was accompanied by a population explosion
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