Nightingale –Environmental Theory Florence Nightingale (1820–1910)‚ considered the founder of educated and scientific nursing and widely known as "The Lady with the Lamp"‚ wrote the first nursing notes that became the basis of nursing practice and research. The notes‚ entitled Notes on Nursing: What it is‚ What is not (1860)‚ listed some of her theories that have served as foundations of nursing practice in various settings‚ including the succeeding conceptual frameworks and theories in the field of nursing
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introduce structural contingency theory and its underlying assumptions. Specific attention will be given to the “patterned systems” approach (Van de Ven and Ferry 1980) which will be used to conceptualize the central aspect of “fit”. We will discuss certain shortcomings of the chosen approach and introduce the concept of social network analysis which will be employed within the contingency framework in order to sharpen the analysis. Second‚ we will apply the theory to the evaluation objectives of
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The Educational Theory of Lev Vygotsky: an analysis |Researched and Written by: |[pic] | |M. Dahms‚ K. Geonnotti‚ D. Passalacqua. J. N. Schilk‚ A. Wetzel‚ | | |and M. Zulkowsky | | Introduction Born in Czarist Russia in 1896‚ Lev Vygotsky lived a relatively short life‚ dying of tuberculosis
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In this essay I intend to evaluate and analyze Jean Piaget cognitive learning theories to the current educational environment and demonstrate the understanding of the reading assignments‚ class discussions‚ my research‚ and the application of the learning theories to the current educational environment. I believe that Piaget is one of the most influential researchers of all time‚ and he will always be the greatest theorist by far in the field of psychology‚ because he was best known for his research
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Principles of Learning and Teaching STUDENTS AS LEARNERS – 35% THEORISTS LEV VYGOTSKY http://facultyweb.cortland.edu/andersmd/VYG/ VYG.HTML JEROME BRUNER http://tip.psychology.org/bruner.ht ml JOHN DEWEY http://www.infed.org/thinkers/e t-dewey.htm Importance of CULTURE humans use of tools and symbols to learn – culture dictates what we learn and how • Higher and Lower mental functions – elementary (or lower) functions gradually transform to HMF through culture • Central ROLE OF LANGUAGE:
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development is a central element of thepsychoanalytic sexual drive theory‚ that human beings‚ from birth‚ possess an instinctuallibido (sexual energy) that develops in five stages. Each stage – the oral‚ the anal‚ thephallic‚ the latent‚ and the genital – is characterized by the erogenous zone that is the source of the libidinal drive. Sigmund Freud proposed that if the child experienced sexual frustration in relation to any psychosexual developmental stage‚ s/he would experienceanxiety that would persist into
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Constructivist theory Formalization of the theory of constructivism is generally attributed to Jean Piaget‚ who articulated mechanisms by which knowledge is internalized by learners. He suggested that through processes of accommodation and assimilation‚ individuals construct new knowledge from their experiences. When individuals assimilate‚ they incorporate the new experience into an already existing framework without changing that framework. This may occur when individuals’ experiences are aligned
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The Evolution Theory Evolutionists have failed in every endeavor to prove that evolution or evolutionary processes could have taken place. By Muneeb Baig‚ (Grade 10) Posted: 15 Safar 1423‚ 28 April 2002 The modern theory of evolution was developed by Charles Darwin‚ an amateur English naturalist‚ in the 19th century. He proposed that all of the millions of species of organisms present today‚ including humans‚ evolved slowly over billions of years‚ from a common ancestor by way of natural selection
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FREUDIAN THEORY The Driving Forces According to Freud psychoanalytic theory‚ all psychic energy is generated by the libido. Freud also believed that much of human behavior was motivated by two driving instincts: the life instincts and the death instincts. The life instincts are those that relate to a basic need for survival‚ reproduction and pleasure. They include such things as the need for food‚ shelter‚ love and sex. He also suggested that all humans have an unconscious wish for death‚ which
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Ethological Theory stresses that behavior is strongly influenced by biology and is tied of evolution characterized by critical or sensitive periods. these are specific time frames during which‚ according to ethologists‚ the presence or absence of certain experiences has a long-lasting influence on individuals. Konrad Lorenz (1903-1989) • European zoologist • helped bring ethology to prominence what is ethology? 1. study of the behaviour of animals in their normal environment (Collins
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