Alkyl Halides Alkyl halides are a class of compounds where a halogen atom or atoms are bound to an sp3 orbital of an alkyl group. CHCl3 (Chloroform: organic solvent) CF2Cl2 (Freon-12: refrigerant CFC) CF3CHClBr (Halothane: anesthetic) Halogen atoms are more electronegative than carbon atoms‚ and so the C-Hal bond is polarized. H H μ C + C-l δ δ H The C-X bond is polarized in such a way that there is partial positive charge on the carbon and partial negative charge on the halogen. Dipole moment
Premium Solvent Nucleophile
UNIVERSITY OF THE GAMBIA LECTURE NOTES COURSE: PRINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY II (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY) CODE: CHM 161 2ND SEMESTER SESSION: 2012/2013 LECTURER: ANTHONY F. ADJIVON UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION Organic chemistry started as the chemistry of life‚ when that was thought to be different from the chemistry in the laboratory. Then it became the chemistry of carbon compounds‚ especially those found in coal. Now it is both. It is the chemistry of the compounds of carbon along with other elements
Premium Carbon Atom Petroleum
Chemistry 3373F Lab Manual 2008 Modified 11/07 Table of Contents Chem 3373 Laboratory Schedule for Fall 2008.............................................................................2 The Benzoin Condensation of Benzaldehyde ..............................................................................3 Synthesis of Dilantin and Related Compounds (two weeks).........................................................6 Synthesis of an Alkaloid: Pseudopelletierine (two weeks) .............
Premium Hydrochloric acid Sulfuric acid Acetic acid
L-6 MCQ (A) MCQs of the Textual Exercise 1) In haloalkane _________ bond is formed between carbon and halogen. (a) Ionic (b) van der Waals (c) Covalent (d) hydrogen 2) In haloarene compounds‚ halogen combines with carbon having which hybridization? (a) sp2 (b) sp3 (c) sp (d)dsp2 3) In haloalkane‚ carbon in C-X bond possesses which partial electric charge? (a) Charge less (b) positive (c) negative (d) anionic 4) Which of the following bonds is the strongest?
Premium Alkene Chlorine Methane
Factors affecting the rate of a chemical reaction 24 17. The kinetics of the iodination of propanone 25 18. Reactions of organic compounds 26 19. Preparation of cyclohexene from cyclohexanol 27 20. Preparation of 1‚3-dinitrobenzene 28 21. Hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes 29 22. Alcohols and phenol 30 23
Premium Titration Chemistry Assessment
Experiment 2: Fractional Distillation of a Mixture of Two Unknowns Background: Boiling is a process familiar to anyone who has cooked pasta or brewed tea. As heat is applied to a pan of water‚ the temperature of the water increases until it reaches 100°C (212°F). At this temperature‚ additional heat causes the water to bubble vigorously as the liquid water is converted into gaseous water‚ or steam. Most organic liquids will behave in a similar fashion. On heating‚ the temperature of the liquid
Premium Distillation Vapor pressure
Chapter 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS Topic: Atomic Orbitals 1. A) B) C) D) E) In quantum mechanics a node (nodal surface or plane) is: a place where Ψ is negative. a place where Ψ is positive. a place where Ψ = 0. a place where Ψ2 is large. a place where Ψ2 is negative. Ans: C Topic: Atomic Orbitals‚ Molecular Orbitals 2. When the 1s orbitals of two hydrogen atoms combine to form a hydrogen molecule‚ how many molecular orbitals are formed? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 Ans:
Premium Molecule Oxygen Covalent bond
p IB DIPLOMA PROGRAMME PROGRAMME DU DIPLÔME DU BI PROGRAMA DEL DIPLOMA DEL BI Chemistry Higher level and standard level Specimen paper 1s‚ 2s and 3s For first examinations in 2009 CONTENTS Chemistry higher level paper 1 specimen paper Chemistry higher level paper 1 specimen markscheme Chemistry higher level paper 2 specimen paper Chemistry higher level paper 2 specimen markscheme Chemistry higher level paper 3 specimen paper Chemistry higher level paper 3 specimen markscheme
Premium Enthalpy Hydrochloric acid Chemical reaction
8) - Elimination Reaction Mechanism (Unit 9) - Nucleophilic addition Reaction Mechanism (Unit 10) - Nucleophilic addition Reaction Mechanism (Unit 11) - Nucleophilic addition Reaction Mechanism (Unit 12) - Nucleophilic addition Reaction Mechanism (Unit 13) - Nucleophilic addition Reaction Mechanism (Unit 14) - Nucleophilic addition Reaction Mechanism (Unit 15) - Electrophilic addition Reaction Mechanism (Unit 16) - Electrophilic addition Reaction Mechanism (Unit 17) - Electrophilic substitution Reaction
Premium Carboxylic acid Amine Alcohol
The spectrum is quite complex due to the conformation of the protons on the cyclohexene ring. (H (400 MHz; CDCl3) 5.40 (1 H‚ t)‚ 4.70 (2 H‚ s)‚ 2.08 (1 H‚ m)‚ 2.05 (1 H‚ m)‚ 1.97 (2 H‚ m)‚ 1.89 (1 H‚ m)‚ 1.79 (1 H‚ m)‚ 1.73 (3 H‚ s)‚ 1.65 (3 H s)‚ 1.47 (1 H‚ m).8 IR – Infrared spectrum of neat product can be collected using NaCl
Premium Solvent Solubility Solution