Reflection of light is either specular (mirror-like) or diffuse (retaining the energy‚ but losing the image) depending on the nature of the interface. Furthermore‚ if the interface is between a dielectric and a conductor‚ the phase of the reflected wave is retained‚ otherwise if the interface is between two dielectrics‚ the phase may be retained or inverted‚ depending on the indices of refraction.[citation needed] A mirror provides the most common model for specular light reflection‚ and typically consists
Premium Reflection Refraction Geometrical optics
The effect of mobile phone radiation on human health is the subject of recent interest and study‚ as a result of the enormous increase in mobile phone usage throughout the world (as of June 2009‚ there were more than 4.3 billion users worldwide). Mobile phones use electromagnetic in the microwave range. Other digital wireless systems‚ such as data communication networks‚ produce similar radiation. The WHO has classified mobile phone radiation on the IARC scale into Group 2B - possibly carcinogenic
Premium Mobile phone Smartphone Personal digital assistant
International Journal of Advanced Technology & Engineering Research (IJATER) DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF RECTANGULAR MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA USING METAMATERIAL FOR BETTER EFFICIENCY Gourav Singh Rajput‚ Department of Electronics‚ Madhav Institute of Technology and Science Gwalior‚ (M.P); EMAIL- gouravrajput23@gmail.com Abstract In this present work‚ “Design and analysis of patch antenna using metamaterial (MTM) structure” is proposed for better improvement in the impedance bandwidth and reduction
Premium Antenna Impedance matching Transmission line
Literature Search Both Design 2 and Design 3 circuits uses the concept of voltage doubler rectifier in particular the Greinacher voltage doubler rectifier‚ where the components used are mainly capacitors‚ diodes. Light emitting diode (LED) and 3-turn coil are also incorporated into Design 2 and Design 3 circuits. There are two main reasons of using a voltage doubler rectifier. Firstly‚ the LED require a forward voltage of 1.7V to 2.2V‚ and the 3-turns coil on the implant will not be able to pick
Premium Alternating current Electrical engineering Electricity
Institute Of Engineering Studies (IES‚Bangalore) Formulae Sheet in ECE/TCE Department Communication Systems Amplitude Modulation : DSB-SC : u (t) = m(t) cos 2π t Power P = Conventioanal AM : u (t) = [1 + m(t)] Cos 2π t . as long as |m(t)| ≤ 1 demodulation is simple . Practically m(t) = a m (t) . () () Modulation index a = ( ) ‚ m (t) = | ( )| Power = + SSB-AM : → Square law Detector SNR = () Square law modulator ↓ = 2a / a → amplitude Sensitivity Envelope Detector R C (i/p) < < 1 / ≥ Frequency
Premium Matrices
system the atmospheric air‚ which is the dielectric medium‚ behaves practically like a perfect insulator when the potential difference between the conductors is small. As long as the air is subjected to uniform electric field intensity‚ the flow of current between the two conductors of the line is negligibly small. But when the electric field intensity reaches a critical value‚ the air in the immediate vicinity of conductors no more remains a dielectric but it ionizes and becomes conducting. This
Premium Electric charge Atmospheric thermodynamics Electromagnetism
There has always been a fascination with items that have the ability to light up the sky. From stars‚ to auroras‚ to lightning humans have been trying to capture these moments to learn more about our world. During this fascination humans have discovered a positive discharge‚ similar to lightning‚ known as the sprite. [Thesis] When one thinks of the term “sprite” the first thought to come to mind is something similar to small faeries that used to roam around in fairy tales‚ however‚ that soon became
Premium Tornado Storm Wind
Manufacturing Technology MEC205 Non Traditional machining processes Water jet machining Electro chemical machining Turbine blade EDM EDM products Chemical machining Product from water jet machining Chemical machining structure Introduction Machining is a broad term to describe removal of material from a workpiece. 1. Machining categories: – Cutting involves single-point or multipoint cutting tools‚ each with a clearly defined geometry. 2. Abrasive processes:
Premium Machining
University of the Philippines College of Science PHYSICS 72 SET A Second Semester 2010-2011 First Long Examination National Institute of Physics 2nd Sem AY 2010-2011 Physics 72 INSTRUCTIONS: Choose the best answer and shade the corresponding circle on your answer sheet. To change your answer‚ cross-out and sign your original answer and then shade your new answer. No computational devices allowed (e.g. calculators‚ mobile phones). Following instructions is part of the exam. Useful
Premium Electric charge Electromagnetism Capacitor
3001 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS in ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING Santos S. Cuervo‚ ECE Susana A. Tan‚ ECE Encoded by: ASI‚ Rannilo Jr. L. DAMIAN‚ Sarah Joy V. DIAZ‚ Chona O. GLORIA‚ Mac Arco J. TAJANLANGIT‚ Alvin L. TORIO‚ Ayra Kate E. UMBAO‚ Raissa Grace C. PART 1: COMPILED QUESTIONS PER TOPIC CHAPTER 1: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM FUNDAMENTALS 1. Who discovered the relationship between magnetism and electricity that serves as the foundation for the theory of electromagnetism
Premium Magnetic field Electromagnetism