a sample. Crude fat also known as the ether extract or the free lipid content the traditional measure of fat in food products. The lipid materials may include triglycerides‚ diglycerides‚ monoglycerides‚ phospholipids‚ steroids‚ free fatty acids‚ fat soluble vitamins‚ carotene pigments‚ chlorophylls‚ etc. The common approach for total crude fat determination is based on the solubility of lipids in non-polar organic solvents such as hexanes‚ petroleum ether‚ or supercritical liquid carbon dioxide
Premium Fatty acid Analytical chemistry Solvent
citral because its distillation occurs below the boiling point of water. Adding t-butyl methyl ether to the distillate and shaking creates a distinct layer separation which when dried leaves purified citral. Materials and Equipment: Spatula‚ syringe‚ syringe needle‚ short-neck round bottom flask‚ digital thermometer‚ pipette‚ pipette bulb‚ ice‚ lemongrass oil‚ beaker‚ electric hot plate‚ t-butyl methyl ether‚ saturated sodium chloride‚ anhydrous calcium chloride‚ stopper‚ boiling chips‚ sand bath
Premium Distillation
Patrick Modiano relies heavily on symbols throughout Out of the Dark. Some of these symbols are quite obvious‚ like the use of the clock‚ while others are more subtle. These more subtle symbols normally double as plot devices. As the symbols‚ and the details surrounding them‚ progress through the book‚ they get increasingly more interesting. Drugs also play a huge role in the book‚ especially how they are presented to the senses. Through Out of the Dark‚ both the drugs and their representation change
Premium Cough It Was Written Smell
Extraction (Ch # 07) Faraz Gohar Mr. Wayne Xie Chem 201 10/02/2012 Objectives : 1)To purify samples of organic compounds that are solids at room temperature. 2)To dissociate the impure sample in the minimum amount of an appropriate hot solvent Chemical Index : Naphthalene; mp 82 *C 1‚4-Dichlorobenzene; mp 56 *C 4-Chloroaniline; mp 68 - 71 *C; pKb 4.15 Ethyl 4-Aminobenzoate; mp 90 *C; pKb 4.92 Procedure :
Premium Solvent Solubility Acetic acid
DISCUSSION: Differences between organic and inorganic compounds based on structure‚ type of bond and some common physical and chemical properties. II. PROCEDURE: A. SOLUBILITY 1. To 2 mL. each of the following solvents: water‚ ethyl alcohol and ether‚ add a pinch of benzoic acid and shake.
Premium Oxygen Water Chemistry
from its mixture using acid-alkaline extraction. 2. To determine the percentage recovery and melting point of benzoic acid and p-diclorobenzene. Apparatus:Separatory funnel(250mL)‚Buchner funnel‚beaker. Materials:Benzoic acid‚p-dichlorobenzene‚ether‚10% NaOH‚conc.HCl‚distilled water‚ anhydrous CaCl2. Introduction: Organic compounds in an aqueous mixture can be separated by shaking the aqueous solution with a solvent which is immiscible with water. Extraction involves dissolving either
Premium Sodium chloride Sodium hydroxide Hydrochloric acid
Before Surgery in the early 19th century is dangerous and painful. There is no way to relieve the pain felt by patients during operations. Surgeons do not yet know how to control blood loss or infection‚ and operating theatres are dirty and dangerous places to be.Some surgeons superstitiously prefer to wear their ‘lucky’ coat in the operating theatre – a coat worn during a successful operation in the past. They do not wash their ‘lucky’ coat between operations in case this breaks their run of
Premium Anesthesia Surgery 19th century
Alkyl Halides Alkyl halides are a class of compounds where a halogen atom or atoms are bound to an sp3 orbital of an alkyl group. CHCl3 (Chloroform: organic solvent) CF2Cl2 (Freon-12: refrigerant CFC) CF3CHClBr (Halothane: anesthetic) Halogen atoms are more electronegative than carbon atoms‚ and so the C-Hal bond is polarized. H H μ C + C-l δ δ H The C-X bond is polarized in such a way that there is partial positive charge on the carbon and partial negative charge on the halogen. Dipole moment
Premium Solvent Nucleophile
In the experiment‚ 0.3 g of mixture was dissolved in 3 mL of t-butyl methyl ether in a centrifuge tube. Then‚ 2 mL of 0.5 M NaHCO3 was added‚ shaken for one minute‚ and allowed to sit for two minutes so the layers could separate. The lower water layer was removed with a Pasteur pipette and placed in a test tube labeled “Acid.” Next‚ 0.5 mL of distilled water was added to wash the ether layer in the centrifuge tube and then discarded. 2 mL of 0.5 M NaOH was added to the remaining layer‚ shaken for
Premium Sodium hydroxide Base Chemistry
3.8 Growth performance The following parameters were recorded and calculated during experimental period for growth studies. 3.8.1 Feed intake Daily record of feed given to different groups was maintained. Left over of feed was weighed weekly. The feed intake in different groups was calculated by subtracting the weight of left over feed from the weight of total feed offered during the experimental feeding period. 3.8.2 Body weight gain The broiler chicks were weighed individually every week till
Premium Management Inventory Balance sheet