Roles of DNA and RNA in the Human Body and Medicine Anatomy and Physiology 1 Dr. Joy Henry Schonathan Crews 3/20/2015 Roles of DNA and RNA in the Human Body and Medicine Introduction Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the foreman of the body with a strict set of blueprints for what needs to be done in an organism’s cell and how.1 Each cell is encoded with a specific sequence of DNA which stores how it is to be made and reproduce. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is the assistant to the foreman
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General Biology DNA and RNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Ribonucleic Acid • DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid. It is located in the nuclei of cells‚ which make up the body. Consequently‚ DNA can be considered as one of the building blocks of the body. Where is DNA found? DNA‚ or deoxyribonucleic acid‚ is the hereditary material that lies within the nucleus of all cells in humans and other living organisms. Most of the DNA is placed within the nucleus and is called nuclear DNA. However‚
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Homework # 1 DNA 2. Name the four differences between RNA and DNA. 1) DNA is double stranded‚ RNA is single 2) DNA has Adenine‚ Guanine‚ Thiame‚ and Cytosine as nitro bases. With RNA‚ anywhere you would expect to see Thaime‚ you see Uracil instead. 3) DNA has no types‚ RNA has 3 types: mRNA‚ rRNA‚ and tRNA. 4) DNA and RNA have different sugars. 3. For the following DNS strand‚ provide the replicated strand : GATTACACATTAG CTAATGTGTAATC 4. For the following DNA sequence provide
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MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF DNA AND RNA •Adapted from Chapter 9 in Genetics: Analysis and Principles (Robert J. Brooker) Copyright ©The McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display IDENTIFICATION OF DNA AS THE GENETIC MATERIAL • To fulfill its role‚ the genetic material must meet several criteria – 1. Information: It must contain the information necessary to make an entire organism – 2. Transmission: It must be passed from parent to offspring – 3. Replication:
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DNA – RNA Notes The sugar in DNA is called deoxyribose. The sugar in RNA is called ribose. -RNA is a single strand of nucleotides. DNA is made of two strands of nucleotides. -DNA is a double helix with hydrogen bonds linking the nitrogen bases. RNA is a linear strand with no hydrogen bonds. -The bases of DNA are: Adenine‚ Thymine‚ Cytosine‚ and Guanine. The bases of RNA are: Adenine‚ Uracil‚ Cytosine‚ and Guanine. -RNA does not have Thymine‚ and DNA does not have Uracil. -In DNA
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Comparison chart DNA RNA Stands for: DeoxyriboNucleicAcid RiboNucleicAcid Definition: A nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all modern living organisms (scientists believe that RNA may have been the main genetic material in primitive life forms). A single-stranded chain of alternating phosphate and ribose units with the bases Adenine‚ Guanine‚ Cytosine‚ and Uracil bonded to the ribose. RNA molecules are involved in protein synthesis
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are very helpful to you as you can see. Last but not least are nucleic acids. They consist of DNA‚ RNA‚ ATP etcetera. A difference between DNA and RNA is that DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded. The monomer of it is nucleotides. The structure is made up of sugar‚ phosphate group and a nitrogen Functions include the DNA containing all of your hereditary information and RNA uses your DNA to make proteins. This
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the beads corresponding to the appropriate letter to write the following sentence (don’t forget start‚ space and stop): The mouse likes most cheese a. How many beads did you use? 87 beads There are multiple ways your cells can read a sequence of DNA and build slightly different proteins from the same strand. We will not go through the process here‚ but as an illustration of this “alternate splicing”‚ remove codons (beads) 52 - 66 from your sentence above. b. What does the sentence say now? (re-write
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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PLASMID AND CHROMOSOMAL DNA IN BACTERIA. Eukaryotes have two or more chromosomes‚ prokaryotes such as bacteria possess a single chromosome composed of double-stranded DNA in a loop. DNA is located in the nucleoid of the cell and is not associated with protein A plasmid is an extra-chromosomal DNA molecule separate from the chromosomal DNA which is capable of replicating independently of the chromosomal DNA. Plasmids usually occur naturally in bacteria. A chromosome
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BMS 424 Chapter 1 DNA‚ RNA‚ Historical Experiments & Structures Frederick Griffith Experiments with Streptococcus pneumoniae S. pneumoniae comes in two strains‚ smooth and rough strains S Smooth : Secrete a polysaccharide capsule; Protects bacterium from immune system of hosts; Produce smooth colonies on solid media. R Rough : Unable to form capsule; Produce colonies with a rough appearance. Griffith conducted experiments in 1928 using two strains of S. pneumoniae: type IIIS and type IIR :
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