Ethical Dilemmas for Auditors Discussion Paper May 2006 1 The Institute of Certified Public Accountants in Ireland Ethical Dilemmas for Auditors Dilemma One – Non-Audit Services 3 Dilemma Two – Fee Levels 6 Dilemma Three – Ethics Partner 7 Dilemma Four – Long Association with the Audit Client 8 Dilemma Five – Commencement in Practice 9 Dilemma Six – Financial Interest in a Client 10 Dilemma Seven – Business relations with audit clients 11 Dilemma
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1 41. Which of the following has reduced as a result of globalization? D. Differences in material culture between national economies 42. _____ refers to the shift toward a more integrated and interdependent world economy. A. Forward integration C. Globalization 43. Which of the following statements is true regarding the globalization of markets? C. There still exist significant differences among national markets along many relevant dimensions‚ including distribution channels
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Applied Auditing Audit of Plant‚ Property and Equipment – Lecture Definition Property‚ plant and equipment are tangible items that: a) are held for use in the production or supply of goods or services‚ for rental to others‚ or for administrative purposes; and b) are expected to be used during more than one period. Recognition An item of PP&E should be recognised only if its cost can be measured reliably and it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will
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Chapter 2 The CPA Profession ← Review Questions 2-1 The four major services that CPAs provide are: 1. Audit and assurance services Assurance services are independent professional services that improve the quality of information for decision makers. Assurance services include attestation services‚ which are any services in which the CPA firm issues a report that expresses a conclusion about the reliability of an assertion that is the responsibility of another party. The four
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Auditing Chapter 3 Homework 3-27 a. These are the items that should be included in the auditor’s report: 1. Normal receivable confirmation procedures‚ although not used‚ should not be listed here since it was not material‚ and the auditor was able to gain a satisfactory opinion from the client’s use of them. 2. The change in the accounting method for long-term construction doesn’t need to be included here since it is discussed in the footnotes. 3. Lawsuits are normally included
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“Accounting did not cause the recent corporate scandals‚ unreliable financial statements were the results of management decisions‚ fraudulent or otherwise”. (Lin & Wu‚ 2006‚ para. 5) Waste Management‚ HealthSouth‚ Enron‚ Satyam and Madoff are just a few names that come to my mind when I think of fraudulent accounting. Disguised loans‚ inflated income‚ improper accounting and misstated earnings‚ different words all describing the same thing‚ FRAUD. Fraud affects the company‚ the consumers
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Auditing is the accumulation and evaluation of evidence about information to determine and report on the degree of correspondence between the information and established criteria (Arens‚ Elder‚ & Beasley‚ 2010). Auditing should be done by a competent‚ independent person. Accounting is the recording‚ classifying‚ and summarizing of economic events in a logical manner for the purpose of providing financial information for decision making (Arens‚ Elder‚ & Beasley‚ 2010). Many people confuse auditing
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Student: 1. Auditors may be independent in fact but not independent in appearance. True False 2. Auditing Standards issued by the PCAOB are the sole source of guidance for audits of public entities. True False 3. Attestation standards provide guidance for a wide variety of engagements different in scope than an audit. True False 4. Generally accepted auditing standards must be followed on all audit engagements. True False 5. The reporting principle relates to a firm’s system
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Obtain an understanding with the client Develop Overall audit strategy Select staff for engagement Evaluate need for outside specialist 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. II. Understand the Client’s Business and Industry Why is it important? General Standard: “The auditor must obtain a sufficient understanding of the entity and its environment‚ including its
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92When audit risk is at an appropriately low level 83The possibility that the auditors may unknowingly fail to appropriately modify their opinion on financial statements that are materially misstated 49Investigate the identities and reputations of the client’s directors‚ officers‚ and major stockholders 51The reputation of management 81The company’s financial strength and credit rating. 85Make inquiries of the client’s banker‚ legal counsel‚ and predecessor auditor. 26Determine that independence
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