drinking water and electricity‚ generating more solid refuse and sewage‚ and being exposed to ever higher levels of toxic wastes. NAFTA has left no mechanism to generate money for basic environmental services or public infrastructure: Workers’ wages are too low to provide much tax income‚ sufficient levies on the factories are not allowed‚ and tariffs on exports were banned by NAFTA. The perverse structure of the system ensures that none of the benefits of industrial growth reach those who create it. According
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The Institutional Design of the EU 1. Introduction EU institutions can be divided into two categories: those with supranational guidance such as: Commission‚ Parliament and Court of Justice and the intergovernmental orientation: Council of Ministers and the European Council. 2. European Parliament The UE institution which is directly elected by EU voters every 5 years. The number of MEPs for each country is roughly proportionate to its population. The Members of the European Parliament sit
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separation of powers In order to assess this question we first have to consider what the doctrine of separation of powers actually is. The idea was developed by the French jurist Montesquieu in the 18th Century. It is based on a division of power between the legislature‚ the executive and the judiciary. Each institution have their distinct and largely exclusive domain. The legislative function involves the enactment of general rules determining the structure and powers of public authorities and regulating
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and aid policies of the EU CONTENT 1 TRADE AND AID POLICIES WITH THIRD PARTIES 1 1.1 THE WTO 1 1.1.1 FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS 2 2 MAIN TRADING PARTNERS OF THE EU 3 2.1 USA 3 2.1.1 DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSATLANTIC CO-OPERATION 3 2.1.2 DISPUTES BETWEEN THE EU AND THE USA 4 2.2 CHINA AND ASIA 4 2.3 RUSSIA 5 3 TRADE POLICIES WITH CERTAIN GROUPS 7 3.1 WIDER EUROPE: THE EUROPEAN NEIGHBOURHOOD POLICY 7 3.2 THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 8 3.3 EU-LATIN AMERICAN RELATIONS
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Energy as the Defining Component in EU-Russian Relations After the Eastern EU Enlargement Marek Neuman* University of Groningen m.neuman@rug.nl * Marek Neuman is a PhD student at the University of Groningen‚ Groningen‚ The Netherlands. This paper has been presented at the Fourth Pan-European Conference on EU Politics held on 25 - 27 September 2008 at the University of Latvia‚ Riga‚ Latvia. Please do not distribute or quote without permission of the author. Introduction Since the
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of the EU Topic: Is there a democratic deficit in the EU? "A democratic deficit occurs when democratic organizations or institutions in fact fall short of fulfilling what are believed to be the principles of democracy."1 Having this in mind‚ many claim that the governance and decision-making of the European Union lacks democratic legitimacy. Are these allegations true? Or is the democratic deficit of the EU just a myth? In order to establish if there is democratic deficit within the EU‚ first
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EU COHESION POLICY C O N T E N T 1. Introduction 2 2. The Lisbon Treaty – A Union for the 21st Century 3 3. The EU institutional framework: legal framework and main bodies for the EU cohesion policy 5 4. The Funds 8 5. Grouping of the Member States and its regions in the Fifth report on economic‚ social and territorial cohesion (2010) 15 6. Cohesion policy in the Multiannual Financial Framework 2007-2013 and in MFF 2014-2020
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Energy Policy in EU The European Union has entered a new and crucial stage in energy policy. After the adoption of legally binding targets to address climate change‚ energy security and competitiveness‚ the 27 member states are now turning their attention to the implementation of these targets. However‚ with an unfinished internal market for gas and electricity and with member states continuing to focus on bilateral energy relationships with supplier countries‚ the EU is still at the very beginning
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1635 Index 1. Introduction ----------------------------------------------------------------------3 2. Positive Changes in British economy after UK joining EU -----------4 3. Further Benefits of British society from joining EU ---------------------5 4. Viewpoints of UK public about joining EU and staying EU------------6 5. Conclusion-------------------------------------------------------------------------8 6. Bibliography-----------------------------------------------------------------------9
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economic crisis of 2007‚ Spain was the EU´s “economic miracle” and now is the EU member state with the highest unemployment rate amongst other serious problems. Spain is now being subjected to tough austerity policies to deal the with the crisis and because of the problem of its indebtedness‚ particularly its high level of external debt. Spain´s integration in the EU and the Eurozone has played a major role in the boom and deep crisis.1 From its entry‚ the EU has made significant progress in the
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