Penicillin Essay (25marks) Considered to be the first of the antibiotic medicines‚ and the first important commercial product to be produced by an aerobic‚ submerged fermentation‚ penicillin (as originally coined) strictly refers to the antimicrobial agent produced naturally by the microbe Penicilium notatum; a form of filamentous fungus. Originally discovered by Ernest Duschesne in 1896‚ it was later ‘rediscovered’ by Alexander Flemming in 1928‚ who was then credited for the discovery – though
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Aim The purpose of this experiment was to plan‚ design‚ fabricate and test the structure of a microfluidic flow structure. Background Microfluidic structures are a relatively new topic of study. While the concept of fluids and the study of the flow of fluids through all sorts of various forms of ducts‚ environments and scenarios have been extensively studied by some of the greatest minds of in history‚ the novelty of microfluidics is not surprising. This is due to the fact that despite the fact
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w w w e tr .X m eP e ap .c rs om International General Certificate of Secondary Education CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS BIOLOGY PAPER 1 Multiple Choice 0610/1 OCTOBER/NOVEMBER SESSION 2002 45 minutes Additional materials: Multiple Choice answer sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended) TIME 45 minutes INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so. Write your name‚ Centre number and candidate number on the answer
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Microbiology Lecture Exam #1 Outline Chapter 1: Microbiology Introduction I. Microbiology Definition II. History of Microbiology (Christian Gram‚ Robert Koch‚ Antony van Leeuwenhoek‚ Robert Hook‚ Edward Jenner‚ Louis Pasteur‚ Elie Metchnikoff‚ Dmitri Iwanowski‚ Paul Ehrlich‚ Alexander Fleming) II. Scope of Microbiology A. Infectious Agents 1. Prions 2. Viroids 3. Viruses B. Prokaryotes
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Surface area / Volume ratio Experiment Introduction: The surface area to volume ratio in living organisms is very important. Nutrients and oxygen need to diffuse through the cell membrane and into the cells. Most cells are no longer than 1mm in diameter because small cells enable nutrients and oxygen to diffuse into the cell quickly and allow waste to diffuse out of the cell quickly. If the cells were any bigger than this then it would take too long for the nutrients and oxygen to diffuse into
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there are over 200 known chemicals that have been correlated with neurotoxicity. A protective mechanism called the blood brain barrier (BBB) was first discovered in 1880 by researcher Paul Elrich‚ which demonstrated that IV administration of certain dyes stained all organs but spared the brain and spinal cord. Two main functions of the BBB are protecting the central nervous system (CNS) from damage caused
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purpose of this experiment was to find out if all liquids diffuse in the same way. Hypothesis: If different liquids diffuse‚ then the process will not be the same because liquids are made up of different molecules‚ with different densities‚ the diffusion will take longer/shorter than others. Materials: 1 plastic dropper with rubber top (medicine dropper) 3 glass beakers (400mL) 1 graduated cylinder (500mL) 4 drops of red food coloring 4 drops of vegetable cooking oil 300 mL of water times 2
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1 The Effect of Molecular Weight on the Rate of Diffusion of Substances1 Alexander Ken Libranza Group 1 Sec. A – 1L March 6‚ 2012 A scientific paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements in General Biology I laboratory under Prof. Cheryl M. Talde‚ 2nd sem.‚ 2011-2012. 1 2 ABSTRACT The effect of molecular weight on the rate of diffusion was assessed using two tests: the glass tube test and the agar-water gel test. In the glass tube set-up‚ two cotton plugs soaked
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com Liquid Chromatography AP Chemistry Laboratory # 18 Publication No. 10535A Catalog No. AP9093 Introduction In this experiment‚ liquid chromatography is used to separate the substances that are present in grape-flavored Kool-Aid®. First‚ the dyes responsible for the purple color‚ FD&C Blue #1 and Red #40 are separated. Then‚ in a second experiment‚ the other components of Kool-Aid®‚ the flavorings and citric acid‚ are separated as well. Concepts • Resolution • Liquid chromatography • Selectivity
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“Staining with specific dyes showed major
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