Title: Standardization of KMnO4 solution Objective: To find out the molarity of the KMnO4 solution Chemical principle: Potassium permanganate is a strong oxidizing agent. It dissolves in water to give intense purple solutions. It reacts with reducing agents and gives colourless Mn2+ ions. So the solution itself acts as the indicator for the titration‚ the end point is noted when the first permanent pink colour appears. The sulphuric acid is used as a catalyst for the reaction. The oxalic
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Results and Discussion Potassium permanganate‚ KMnO4‚ is widely used as an oxidizing agent in volumetric analysis. In acid solution‚ MnO4- ion undergoes reduction to Mn2+ ion as shown in the equation: 8 H+(aq) + MnO4-(aq) + 5e- → Mn2+(aq) + 4 H2O(l). Since the MnO4- ion is violet and the Mn2+ ion is nearly colorless‚ the end point in titrations using MnO4- as the titrant can be taken as the first permanent pink color that appears in the solution being titrated.1 The number of moles of potassium
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Chemistry Lab #1 THER 368: Heat of Neutralization Objective The purpose of this lab was to: * Determine the heat of neutralization for the reaction of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCI). Requirement The heat of neutralization (∆Hneutzn ) is the heat transferred when 1 mol of an acid reacts with 1 mol of a base. This heat is generally reported in either kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol) or kilocalories per mole (kcal mol). The reaction of HCI and NaOH solutions
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Scientific Paper on Diffusion 2 ABSTRACT The effect of molecular weight on the rate of diffusion was assessed using two tests: the glass tube test and the agar-water gel test. In the glass tube set-up‚ two cotton plugs soaked in two different substances (HCl and NH4OH) were inserted into the two ends of the glass tube. The substance with the lighter molecular weight value (NH4OH‚ M = 35.0459 g/mole) diffused at a faster rate (dAve = 25.8cm)‚ resulting in the formation of a white ring around the
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Molecular Weight and Time on the Diffusion Rate of Potassium Permanganate‚ Potassium Dichromate‚ and Methylene Blue.1 Arantxa Alex Carpio Group 1 Sec. X – 4L March 24‚ 2015 ABSTRACT The effect of molecular weight and time on the rate of diffusion was determined using the agar-water gel test. A petri dish of agar-water gel with three wells was prepared and a prepared solution of each substance was dropped on each well; one with potassium permanganate (KMnO4)‚ the other with potassium
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Engineering University of Santo Tomas España‚ Manila Abstract The purpose of this analytical laboratory experiment is to determine the unknown concentration of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) solution by finding its absorbance through the use of spectrophotometer. The preparation of four known concentration of KMnO4 was done namely‚ 2.00×10-4M‚ 1.50×10-4M‚ 1.00×10-4M‚ 5.00×10-5M‚ respectively and is to be place on the spectrophotometer with the unknown and distilled water for the determination of
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of the cell. An important part of regulating this is passive transport. Passive transport is the movement of materials through membranes without any input of energy. One type of passive transport is diffusion. Passive transport is the diffusion of substances across a membrane. In diffusion‚ molecules will usually move from where the substance is more concentrated to where it is less concentrated. The molecules also tend to spread out in the space they enter just like food coloring in water
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Diffusion is the process by which a particular phenomenon --- such as a contagious disease‚ a technological innovation or even an idea --- is spread from person to person over a period of space and time. One method of diffusion is known as expansion diffusion‚ which is broken down into three distinct types. Expansion Diffusion * Strictly defined‚ expansion diffusion is the process of spreading something from one place to another in an ever-expanding "snowballing" process. Expansion diffusion
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A summary of Diffusion of Innovations Les Robinson Fully revised and rewritten Jan 2009 Diffusion of Innovations seeks to explain how innovations are taken up in a population. An innovation is an idea‚ behaviour‚ or object that is perceived as new by its audience. Diffusion of Innovations offers three valuable insights into the process of social change: - What qualities make an innovation spread successfully. - The importance of peer-peer conversations and peer networks.
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and West Asia received outside influences and effectively spread their religions. Economically‚ they interacted with other regions to enhance their societies. Thus‚ the social‚ cultural and economic aspects helped give rise to interaction and diffusion of the civilizations. Both societies emphasized male-dominance‚ but they were structured differently. Women in both regions had little power and were seen as subordinates. The strict patriarchy demonstrates the strength and control of the civilization
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