BEETROOT PIGMENTS - and membranes – These pigments are betalain pigments (not‚ as often thought‚ anthocyanins)‚ which they replace in some organisms. They are named after the Beet family of plants (Beta) but are also found in fungi (Fly Agaric - the red‚ spotted one!). In petals they presumably attract pollinating insects and may be present in seeds/fruits to encourage birds to eat them and so disperse the seeds. Man has selected for colour in beetroot‚ both because
Premium Cell membrane Cell Betalain
REPORT NAME :princess cucumber TOPIC : 3.8 & 8.2 : PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS RESEARCH QUESTION INTRODUCTION The photosynthetic pigments are responsible for absorbing and trapping light energy the major pigments of photosynthesis are the chlorophylls. The two chlorophylls found in green plants are chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. other pigments include carotenoids and phycobilins‚ sometimes referred to as accessory pigments. Carotenoids occur in all photosynthetic organisms‚ while phycobilins
Free Photosynthesis Chlorophyll Thin layer chromatography
The purpose of this paper is to help analyze or compare pigments from two organisms. Chromatogram is the pattern that the chromatography paper has created from its substances. A retention factor‚ also abbreviated as an Rf value‚ is the measurement of the distance that the sample had traveled. The formula for an Rf value is migration distance of solvent front divided by migration distance of substance. An Rf value is the distance the pigment travels from the original spot‚ which is the dot‚ of solvent
Premium Color Orders of magnitude Thin layer chromatography
The History of Paint Pigments Chem 111-404 April 24‚ 2013 Introduction: This report expresses five different pigments that were formed during chemical reactions. Three out of the total five reactions went through a metathesis‚ or double-replacment reaction. A metathesis reaction can be defined as “a chemical reaction in which an element or radical in one compound exchanges places with another element or radical in another compound.” (Webster). The other two pigments underwent a neutralization
Premium Watercolor painting Pigment Acrylic paint
of the cell. An important part of regulating this is passive transport. Passive transport is the movement of materials through membranes without any input of energy. One type of passive transport is diffusion. Passive transport is the diffusion of substances across a membrane. In diffusion‚ molecules will usually move from where the substance is more concentrated to where it is less concentrated. The molecules also tend to spread out in the space they enter just like food coloring in water
Premium Cell wall Diffusion Cell membrane
Diffusion is the process by which a particular phenomenon --- such as a contagious disease‚ a technological innovation or even an idea --- is spread from person to person over a period of space and time. One method of diffusion is known as expansion diffusion‚ which is broken down into three distinct types. Expansion Diffusion * Strictly defined‚ expansion diffusion is the process of spreading something from one place to another in an ever-expanding "snowballing" process. Expansion diffusion
Free Infectious disease Black Death
A summary of Diffusion of Innovations Les Robinson Fully revised and rewritten Jan 2009 Diffusion of Innovations seeks to explain how innovations are taken up in a population. An innovation is an idea‚ behaviour‚ or object that is perceived as new by its audience. Diffusion of Innovations offers three valuable insights into the process of social change: - What qualities make an innovation spread successfully. - The importance of peer-peer conversations and peer networks.
Premium Diffusion of innovations Innovation Crossing the Chasm
Scientific Paper on Diffusion 2 ABSTRACT The effect of molecular weight on the rate of diffusion was assessed using two tests: the glass tube test and the agar-water gel test. In the glass tube set-up‚ two cotton plugs soaked in two different substances (HCl and NH4OH) were inserted into the two ends of the glass tube. The substance with the lighter molecular weight value (NH4OH‚ M = 35.0459 g/mole) diffused at a faster rate (dAve = 25.8cm)‚ resulting in the formation of a white ring around the
Premium Molecular diffusion Hydrochloric acid Ammonia
and West Asia received outside influences and effectively spread their religions. Economically‚ they interacted with other regions to enhance their societies. Thus‚ the social‚ cultural and economic aspects helped give rise to interaction and diffusion of the civilizations. Both societies emphasized male-dominance‚ but they were structured differently. Women in both regions had little power and were seen as subordinates. The strict patriarchy demonstrates the strength and control of the civilization
Premium Sociology
"Diffusion - How atoms move through solids" Diffusion means mass transport by atomic motion. The mechanisms of Gases & Liquids is known as random (Brownian) motion and for solids is known vacancy diffusion or interstitial diffusion. Simply we can define diffusion as‚ the movement of particles in a solid from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration‚ resulting in the uniform distribution of the substance. (Diffusion chapter 5‚ 2008‚ p.1) Ronald D. Kriz(1999) suggests that
Free Diffusion Molecular diffusion Atom